PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München: NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) interaction with linear and Lys-63 ubiquitin chains contributes to NF-κB activation.

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Hadian, K. ; Griesbach, R.A. ; Dornauer, S. ; Wanger, T.M. ; Nagel, D. ; Metlitzky, M. ; Beisker, W. ; Schmidt-Supprian, M.* ; Krappmann, D.

NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) interaction with linear and Lys-63 ubiquitin chains contributes to NF-κB activation.

J. Biol. Chem. 286, 26107-26117 (2011)

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The IκB kinase (IKK) complex acts as a gatekeeper of canonical NF-κB signaling in response to upstream stimulation. IKK activation requires sensing of ubiquitin chains by the essential IKK regulatory subunit IKKγ/NEMO. However, it has remained enigmatic whether NEMO binding to Lys-63-linked or linear ubiquitin chains is critical for triggering IKK activation. We show here that the NEMO C terminus, comprising the ubiquitin binding region and a zinc finger, has a high preference for binding to linear ubiquitin chains. However, immobilization of NEMO, which may be reminiscent of cellular oligomerization, facilitates the interaction with Lys-63 ubiquitin chains. Moreover, selective mutations in NEMO that abolish association with linear ubiquitin but do not affect binding to Lys-63 ubiquitin are only partially compromising NF-κB signaling in response to TNFα stimulation in fibroblasts and T cells. In line with this, TNFα-triggered expression of NF-κB target genes and induction of apoptosis was partially compromised by NEMO mutations that selectively impair the binding to linear ubiquitin chains. Thus, in vivo NEMO interaction with linear and Lys-63 ubiquitin chains is required for optimal IKK activation, suggesting that both type of chains are cooperating in triggering canonical NF-κB signaling.

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