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Inborn error of immunity or atopic dermatitis: When to be concerned and how to investigate.
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 9, 1501-1507 (2021)
Around 20% of all children worldwide suffer from Atopic Dermatitis (AD). Therefore, eczematous skin lesions and elevated serum Immunglobulin E (IgE) levels are common findings. Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) may be missed in the context of AD, and management and prognosis of these conditions can be substantially different. Children suffering from IEIs such as Hyper-IgE-Syndromes (HIES), Wiskott-Aldrich-syndrome (WAS), Immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked (IPEX) syndrome, Omenn syndrome, the atypical complete DiGeorge syndrome and skin barrier disorders like Comèl-Netherton-syndrome and Severe-dermatitis-multiple-allergies-and-metabolic-wasting (SAM) syndrome may present with additional "red flags", which should raise a clinical suspicion for an underlying IEI. These "red flags" may include eczematous skin lesion manifesting prior to two month of life, disseminated or recurrent viral, bacterial or fungal infections, mucocutaneous candidiasis, purpura, chronic diarrhea, or abnormalities in development or of connective tissue. A differential blood count, as well as a lymphocyte subset analysis, total immunoglobulin levels and vaccination titers can help the clinician to decide whether a patient with eczematous skin lesions and elevated serum IgE should be referred to a clinical immunologist for a full immunologic work-up and broad genetic analysis.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Atopic Dermatitis ; Hies ; Hyper-ige-syndrome ; Inborn Error Of Immunity
Language
english
Publication Year
2021
HGF-reported in Year
2021
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0091-6749
e-ISSN
1097-6825
Quellenangaben
Volume: 9,
Issue: 4,
Pages: 1501-1507
Publisher
Elsevier
Publishing Place
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Environmental Medicine (IEM)
POF-Topic(s)
30202 - Environmental Health
Research field(s)
Allergy
PSP Element(s)
G-503400-002
WOS ID
WOS:000637779800008
Scopus ID
85101378516
PubMed ID
33548520
Erfassungsdatum
2021-04-15