Wiechers, C.* ; Balles, L.S.* ; Kirchhof, S.* ; Weber, R.* ; Avellina, V.* ; Pauluschke-Fröhlich, J.* ; Hallschmid, M. ; Fritsche, L. ; Preissl, H. ; Fritsche, A. ; Poets, C.F.* ; Franz, A.R.*
Body composition in term offspring after maternal gestational diabetes does not predict postnatal hypoglycemia.
BMC Pediatr. 21:111 (2021)
BACKGROUND: Offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased risk of neonatal complications like birth trauma due to macrosomia or postnatal hypoglycemia, as well as long-term metabolic sequelae. Neonatal body composition may be a sensitive marker of metabolic effects on the fetus caused by suboptimal glycemic control during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: To determine body composition in offspring of mothers with GDM compared to a reference cohort of healthy term neonates and to assess whether increased body fat would be associated with postnatal hypoglycemia. METHODS: This prospective, observational, cross-sectional study included 311 full-term, singleton infants born between June 2014 and July 2015. Body composition was measured within 96 h of birth using air displacement plethysmography. Results are indicated as median (1st Quartile - 3rd Quartile). RESULTS: Of 311 infants, 40 (12.9%) were born to mothers with GDM. Birth weight standard deviation scores (SDS) (0.24 vs. - 0.07, p = 0.04), fat mass (370 g vs. 333 g, p = 0.02) as well as fat mass/total body mass (BF%; 11.4% vs. 10.8%, p = 0.03) were significantly higher in infants following maternal GDM than in controls. In GDM offspring, anthropometric parameters, fat mass or BF% did not differ between infants with or without postnatal hypoglycemia. In this cohort, SDS for birth weight, fat mass, fat free mass, BF% or postnatal hypoglycemia were not associated with maternal blood glucose levels measured at an oral glucose tolerance test. CONCLUSIONS: SDS for birth weight, neonatal fat mass, and BF% were significantly higher in newborns following maternal GDM. In these infants born to mothers with GDM, body composition did not differ between those with or without postnatal hypoglycemia.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
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Keywords
Air Displacement Plethysmography ; Body Composition ; Fat Mass ; Fetal Hyperinsulinemia ; Gestational Diabetes ; Infant ; Neonatal
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Language
english
Publication Year
2021
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2021
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1471-2431
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1471-2431
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Volume: 21,
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Article Number: 111
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BioMed Central
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London
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Peer reviewed
POF-Topic(s)
90000 - German Center for Diabetes Research
Research field(s)
Helmholtz Diabetes Center
PSP Element(s)
G-502400-001
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Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Open Access Publishing Fund of University of Tuebingen
German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
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Erfassungsdatum
2021-04-27