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Schwierzeck, V.* ; Hülpüsch, C. ; Reiger, M.

Microbiome of barrier organs in allergy: Who runs the world? Germs!

In:. Berlin ; Heidelberg: Springer, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_478 (Handb. Exp. Pharmacol.)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Over the last few decades, allergic diseases have been steadily increasing worldwide, a phenomenon that is not yet completely understood. Recent evidence, however, suggests that alterations in the microbiome may be a contributing factor. The microbiome refers to all microorganisms in a habitat including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Using modern sequencing technologies, we are now capable of detecting and analyzing the human microbiome in more detail than ever before. Epidemiological and experimental studies have indicated that a complex intestinal microbiome supports the development of the immune system during childhood, thus providing protection from allergic diseases, including food allergy. The microbiome becomes an important part of human physiology and forms dynamic relationships with our various barrier systems. For example, bacterial dysbiosis is a hallmark of atopic eczema and correlates with disease progression. Similarly, the lung and nasopharyngeal microbiome is altered in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis. While these results are interesting, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear and need to be investigated with functional studies. This review gives a short overview of the terminology and methods used in microbiome research before highlighting results concerning the lung, skin, and intestinal microbiome in allergic diseases.
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Publication type Article: Edited volume or book chapter
Corresponding Author
Keywords Allergy ; Microbiome ; Sequencing
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0171-2004
Journal Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
Publisher Springer
Publishing Place Berlin ; Heidelberg
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Environmental Medicine (IEM)