HBV integration induces complex interactions between host and viral genomic functions at the insertion site.
    
    
        
    
    
        
        J. Clin. Transl. Hepatol. 9, 399-408 (2021)
    
    
    
      
      
	
	    Hepatitis B virus (HBV), one of the well-known DNA oncogenic viruses, is the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In infected hepatocytes, HBV DNA can be integrated into the host genome through an insertional mutagenesis process inducing tumorigenesis. Dissection of the genomic features surrounding integration sites will deepen our understanding of mechanisms underlying integration. Moreover, the quantity and biological activity of integration sites may reflect the DNA damage within affected cells or the potential survival benefits they may confer. The well-known human genomic features include repeat elements, particular regions (such as telomeres), and frequently interrupted genes (e.g., telomerase reverse transcriptase [i.e. TERT], lysine methyltransferase 2B [i.e. KMT2B], cyclin E1 [CCNE1], and cyclin A2 [CCNA2]). Consequently, distinct genomic features within diverse integrations differentiate their biological functions. Meanwhile, accumulating evidence has shown that viral proteins produced by integrants may cause cell damage even after the suppression of HBV replication. The integration-derived gene products can also serve as tumor markers, promoting the development of novel therapeutic strategies for HCC. Viral integrants can be single copy or multiple copies of different fragments with complicated rearrangement, which warrants elucidation of the whole viral integrant arrangement in future studies. All of these considerations underlie an urgent need to develop novel methodology and technology for sequence characterization and function evaluation of integration events in chronic hepatitis B-associated disease progression by monitoring both host genomic features and viral integrants. This endeavor may also serve as a promising solution for evaluating the risk of tumorigenesis and as a companion diagnostic for designing therapeutic strategies targeting integration-related disease complications.
	
	
	    
	
       
      
	
	    
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        Publication type
        Article: Journal article
    
 
    
        Document type
        Review
    
 
    
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        Keywords
        Chimeric Reads ; Double-strand Break ; Fusion Transcript ; Junction Reads ; Virus Cell Junction ; Virus Cellular Junction ; Virus Host Junction; Hepatitis-b-virus; Double-strand Breaks; Hepatocellular-carcinoma; Dna Integration; X-protein; Mevalonate Kinase; Human Hepatocytes; Clonal Expansion; Cellular-dna; Liver
    
 
    
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        Language
        english
    
 
    
        Publication Year
        2021
    
 
    
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        HGF-reported in Year
        2021
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        2225-0719
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        2310-8819
    
 
    
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	    Volume: 9,  
	    Issue: 3,  
	    Pages: 399-408 
	    Article Number: ,  
	    Supplement: ,  
	
    
 
    
        
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            Publisher
            Xia & He Publishing Limited
        
 
        
            Publishing Place
            Second Affiliated Hosp Chongqing Medical Univ, 14090 Southwest Freeway, Ste 300, Sugar Land, Tx 77478 Usa
        
 
	
        
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        Reviewing status
        Peer reviewed
    
 
     
    
        POF-Topic(s)
        30203 - Molecular Targets and Therapies
    
 
    
        Research field(s)
        Immune Response and Infection
    
 
    
        PSP Element(s)
        G-502700-003
    
 
    
        Grants
        National Natural Science Foundation of China
Innovation Promotion Association CAS
111Project
    
 
    
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        Erfassungsdatum
        2021-07-22