Risk prediction of cardiovascular events by exploration of molecular data with explainable artificial intelligence.
    
    
        
    
    
        
        Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22:10291 (2021)
    
    
    
      
      
	
	    Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) annually take almost 18 million lives worldwide. Most lethal events occur months or years after the initial presentation. Indeed, many patients experience repeated complications or require multiple interventions (recurrent events). Apart from affecting the individual, this leads to high medical costs for society. Personalized treatment strategies aiming at prediction and prevention of recurrent events rely on early diagnosis and precise prognosis. Complementing the traditional environmental and clinical risk factors, multi-omics data provide a holistic view of the patient and disease progression, enabling studies to probe novel angles in risk stratification. Specifically, predictive molecular markers allow insights into regulatory networks, pathways, and mechanisms underlying disease. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) represents a powerful, yet adaptive, framework able to recognize complex patterns in large-scale clinical and molecular data with the potential to improve risk prediction. Here, we review the most recent advances in risk prediction of recurrent cardiovascular events, and discuss the value of molecular data and biomarkers for understanding patient risk in a systems biology context. Finally, we introduce explainable AI which may improve clinical decision systems by making predictions transparent to the medical practitioner.
	
	
	    
	
       
      
	
	    
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        Publication type
        Article: Journal article
    
 
    
        Document type
        Review
    
 
    
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        Keywords
        Ai ; Biomarkers ; Cardiovascular Disease ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Explainable Artificial Intelligence ; Genomics ; Machine Learning ; Molecular Networks ; Multi-omics ; Proteomics; Coronary-artery-disease; Deep Neural-networks; Heart-disease; Alzheimers-disease; Recurrent Events; Vascular Events; Gene-ontology; Score; Association; Validation
    
 
    
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        Language
        english
    
 
    
        Publication Year
        2021
    
 
    
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        HGF-reported in Year
        2021
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        1661-6596
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1422-0067
    
 
    
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	    Volume: 22,  
	    Issue: 19,  
	    Pages: ,  
	    Article Number: 10291 
	    Supplement: ,  
	
    
 
    
        
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            MDPI
        
 
        
            Publishing Place
            Basel
        
 
	
        
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        Reviewing status
        Peer reviewed
    
 
     
    
        POF-Topic(s)
        30205 - Bioengineering and Digital Health
    
 
    
        Research field(s)
        Enabling and Novel Technologies
    
 
    
        PSP Element(s)
        G-553500-001
    
 
    
        Grants
        Federal Ministry of Education and Research
Bavarian State Ministry of Health and Care
German Research Foundation (DFG)
Leducq Foundation for Cardiovascular Research
British Heart Foundation (BHF)/German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-collaboration
German Centre of Cardiovascular Research
German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
    
 
    
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        Erfassungsdatum
        2021-11-15