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Verbrugge, S. ; Alhusen, J.A. ; Kempin, S.* ; Pillon, N.J.* ; Rozman, J.* ; Wackerhage, H.* ; Kleinert, M.*

Genes controlling skeletal muscle glucose uptake and their regulation by endurance and resistance exercise.

J. Cell. Biochem., DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30179 (2021)
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Exercise improves the insulin sensitivity of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Due to that, exercise has become a cornerstone treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The mechanisms by which exercise improves skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity are, however, incompletely understood. We conducted a systematic review to identify all genes whose gain or loss of function alters skeletal muscle glucose uptake. We subsequently cross-referenced these genes with recently generated data sets on exercise-induced gene expression and signaling. Our search revealed 176 muscle glucose-uptake genes, meaning that their genetic manipulation altered glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Notably, exercise regulates the expression or phosphorylation of more than 50% of the glucose-uptake genes or their protein products. This included many genes that previously have not been associated with exercise-induced insulin sensitivity. Interestingly, endurance and resistance exercise triggered some common but mostly unique changes in expression and phosphorylation of glucose-uptake genes or their protein products. Collectively, our work provides a resource of potentially new molecular effectors that play a role in the incompletely understood regulation of muscle insulin sensitivity by exercise.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Keywords Exercise Metabolism ; Glucose Uptake ; Insulin Sensitivity ; Insulin Signaling ; Resistance And Endurance Exercise ; Skeletal Muscle; Type-2 Diabetes-mellitus; Insulin Sensitivity; Glycemic Control; Transgenic Mice; Overexpression; Increases; Protects; Phosphorylation; Disruption; Metabolism
Language english
Publication Year 2021
HGF-reported in Year 2021
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0730-2312
e-ISSN 1097-4644
Journal Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
Publisher Wiley
Publishing Place 111 River St, Hoboken 07030-5774, Nj Usa
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes and Obesity (IDO)
POF-Topic(s) 30201 - Metabolic Health
Research field(s) Helmholtz Diabetes Center
PSP Element(s) G-502295-001
Grants Novo Nordisk Foundation
Czech Centre for Phenogenomics

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
DOI 10.1002/jcb.30179
WOS ID WOS:000721452700001
Scopus ID 85119662514
PubMed ID 34812516
Erfassungsdatum 2021-12-21
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