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Pütter, C.* ; Pechlivanis, S.* ; Nöthen, M.M.* ; Jöckel, K.-H.* ; Wichmann, H.-E. ; Scherag, A.*

Missing heritability in the tails of quantitative traits? A simulation study on the impact of slightly altered true genetic models.

Hum. Hered. 72, 173-181 (2011)

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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.

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Objective: Genome-wide association studies have identified robust associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms and complex traits. As the proportion of phenotypic variance explained is still limited for most of the traits, larger and larger meta-analyses are being conducted to detect additional associations. Here we investigate the impact of the study design and the underlying assumption about the true genetic effect in a bimodal mixture situation on the power to detect associations. Methods: We performed simulations of quantitative phenotypes analysed by standard linear regression and dichotomized case-control data sets from the extremes of the quantitative trait analysed by standard logistic regression. Results: Using linear regression, markers with an effect in the extremes of the traits were almost undetectable, whereas analysing extremes by case-control design had superior power even for much smaller sample sizes. Two real data examples are provided to support our theoretical findings and to explore our mixture and parameter assumption. Conclusions: Our findings support the idea to re-analyse the available meta-analysis data sets to detect new loci in the extremes. Moreover, our investigation offers an explanation for discrepant findings when analysing quantitative traits in the general population and in the extremes.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Selective sampling; Heritability; Genetic association studies; Mixture distribution

ISSN (print) / ISBN 0001-5652

e-ISSN 1423-0062

Journal Human Heredity

Quellenangaben Volume: 72, Issue: 3, Pages: 173-181

Publisher Karger

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)