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Oskarsson, V.* ; Eliasson, M.* ; Salomaa, V.* ; Reinikainen, J.* ; Männistö, S.* ; Palmieri, L.* ; Donfrancesco, C.* ; Sans, S.* ; Costanzo, S.* ; de Gaetano, G.* ; Iacoviello, L.* ; Veronesi, G.* ; Ferrario, M.M.* ; Padró, T.* ; Thorand, B. ; Huth, C. ; Zeller, T.* ; Blankenberg, S.* ; Anderson, A.S.* ; Tunstall-Pedoe, H.* ; Kuulasmaa, K.* ; Söderberg, S.*

Influence of geographical latitude on vitamin D status: Cross-sectional results from the BiomarCaRE consortium.

Br. J. Nutr. 128, 2208–2218 (2022)
Publ. Version/Full Text DOI PMC
Open Access Gold (Paid Option)
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Even though sunlight is viewed as the most important determinant of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) status, several European studies have observed higher 25(OH)D concentrations among north-Europeans than south-Europeans. We studied the association between geographical latitude (derived from ecological data) and 25(OH)D status in 6 European countries by using harmonized immunoassay data from 81,084 participants in the Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomarCaRE) project (male sex 48.9%; median age 50.8 years; examination period 1984 to 2014). Quantile regression models, adjusted for age, sex, decade and calendar week of sampling, and time from sampling to analysis, were used for between-country comparisons. Up until the median percentile, the ordering of countries by 25(OH)D status (from highest to lowest) was as follows: Sweden (at 65.6 to 63.8 oN), Germany (at 48.4 oN), Finland (at 65.0 to 60.2 oN), Italy (at 45.6 to 41.5 oN), Scotland (at 58.2 to 55.1 oN), and Spain (at 41.5 oN). From the 75th percentile and upwards, Finland had higher values than Germany. As an example, using the Swedish cohort as comparator, the median 25(OH)D concentration was 3.03, 3.28, 5.41, 6.54, and 9.28 ng/mL lower in the German, Finnish, Italian, Scottish, and Spanish cohort, respectively (P-value < 0.001 for all comparisons). The ordering of countries was highly consistent in subgroup analyses by sex, age, and decade and season of sampling. In conclusion, we confirmed the previous observation of a north-to-south gradient of 25(OH)D status in Europe, with higher percentile values among north-Europeans than south-Europeans.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords 25-hydroxyvitamin D ; Epidemiology ; Europe ; Latitude ; Population-based ; Vitamin D; 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Postmenopausal Women; Parathyroid Function; Serum; Osteoporosis; Cancer; Standardization; Population; Guidelines; Stability
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0007-1145
e-ISSN 1475-2662
Journal British Journal of Nutrition
Quellenangaben Volume: 128, Issue: , Pages: 2208–2218 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Cambridge Univ. Press
Publishing Place Edinburgh Bldg, Shaftesbury Rd, Cb2 8ru Cambridge, England
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology II (EPI2)
Grants Thermo Fisher
Scottish Health Department Chief Scientist Office
Institute of Health Studies, Catalan Department of Health
Munich Center of Health Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, LMUinnovativ
Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen
Medical Research Council London
EU Horizon 2020 project AFFECT-EU
EU Horizon 2020 projects euCanSHare
EU FP7 project CHANCES
British Heart Foundation
FP Fleming Trust
County Council of Norrbotten
Singulex
Siemens
Bayer
Abbott Diagnostics
Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular research
Umea University, Umea, Sweden
Joint Committee of County Councils in northern Sweden
Pitea Alvdals Hospital Foundation
County Council of Västerbotten
European Union (EU)