The mechanisms promoting disturbed white adipocyte function in obesity remain largely unclear. Herein, we integrate white adipose tissue (WAT) metabolomic and transcriptomic data from clinical cohorts and find that the WAT phosphocreatine/creatine ratio is increased and creatine kinase-B expression and activity is decreased in the obese state. In human in vitro and murine in vivo models, we demonstrate that decreased phosphocreatine metabolism in white adipocytes alters adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activity via effects on adenosine triphosphate/adenosine diphosphate levels, independently of WAT beigeing. This disturbance promotes a pro-inflammatory profile characterized, in part, by increased chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) production. These data suggest that the phosphocreatine/creatine system links cellular energy shuttling with pro-inflammatory responses in human and murine white adipocytes. Our findings provide unexpected perspectives on the mechanisms driving WAT inflammation in obesity and may present avenues to target adipocyte dysfunction.
GrantsMargareta af Uggla's foundation Swedish Research Council, KI infrastructure and Centre for Innovative Medicine Novo Nordisk Fondation Bettencourt Schueller Societe Francophone du Diabete Universite Clermont Auvergne Strategic Research Programme in Diabetes at Karolinska Institutet Stockholm County Council Swedish Diabetes Foundation Knut and Alice Wallenbergs Foundation NovoNordisk Foundation ERC-SyG SPHERES Swedish Research Council CIMED