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Puchinger, K.* ; Castelletti, N. ; Rubio-Acero, R.* ; Geldmacher, C.* ; Eser, T.M.* ; Deák, F.* ; Paunovic, I.* ; Bakuli, A.* ; Saathoff, E.* ; von Meyer, A.* ; Markgraf, A.* ; Falk, P.* ; Reich, J.* ; Riess, F.* ; Girl, P.* ; Müller, K.* ; Radon, K.* ; Guggenbüehl Noller, J.M.* ; Wölfel, R.* ; Hoelscher, M.* ; Kroidl, I.* ; Wieser, A.* ; Olbrich, L.* ; KORA Study Group (Fuchs, C. ; Theis, F.J. ; Hasenauer, J.)

The interplay of viral loads, clinical presentation, and serological responses in SARS-CoV-2 – Results from a prospective cohort of outpatient COVID-19 cases.

Virology 569, 37-43 (2022)

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Risk factors for disease progression and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections require an understanding of acute and long-term virological and immunological dynamics. Fifty-one RT-PCR positive COVID-19 outpatients were recruited between May and December 2020 in Munich, Germany, and followed up at multiple defined timepoints for up to one year. RT-PCR and viral culture were performed and seroresponses measured. Participants were classified applying the WHO clinical progression scale. Short symptom to test time (median 5.0 days; p = 0.0016) and high viral loads (VL; median maximum VL: 3∙108 copies/mL; p = 0.0015) were indicative for viral culture positivity. Participants with WHO grade 3 at baseline had significantly higher VLs compared to those with WHO 1 and 2 (p = 0.01). VLs dropped fast within 1 week of symptom onset. Maximum VLs were positively correlated with the magnitude of Ro-N-Ig seroresponse (p = 0.022). Our results describe the dynamics of VLs and antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in mild to moderate cases that can support public health measures during the ongoing global pandemic.

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