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Elucidating the present-day chemical composition, seasonality and source regions of climate-relevant aerosols across the Arctic land surface.
Environ. Res. Lett. 17:034032 (2022)
The Arctic is warming two to three times faster than the global average, and the role of aerosols is not well constrained. Aerosol number concentrations can be very low in remote environments, rendering local cloud radiative properties highly sensitive to available aerosol. The composition and sources of the climate-relevant aerosols, affecting Arctic cloud formation and altering their microphysics, remain largely elusive due to a lack of harmonized concurrent multi-component, multi-site, and multi-season observations. Here, we present a dataset on the overall chemical composition and seasonal variability of the Arctic total particulate matter (with a size cut at 10 mu m, PM10, or without any size cut) at eight observatories representing all Arctic sectors. Our holistic observational approach includes the Russian Arctic, a significant emission source area with less dedicated aerosol monitoring, and extends beyond the more traditionally studied summer period and black carbon/sulfate or fine-mode pollutants. The major airborne Arctic PM components in terms of dry mass are sea salt, secondary (non-sea-salt, nss) sulfate, and organic aerosol (OA), with minor contributions from elemental carbon (EC) and ammonium. We observe substantial spatiotemporal variability in component ratios, such as EC/OA, ammonium/nss-sulfate and OA/nss-sulfate, and fractional contributions to PM. When combined with component-specific back-trajectory analysis to identify marine or terrestrial origins, as well as the companion study by Moschos et al 2022 Nat. Geosci. focusing on OA, the composition analysis provides policy-guiding observational insights into sector-based differences in natural and anthropogenic Arctic aerosol sources. In this regard, we first reveal major source regions of inner-Arctic sea salt, biogenic sulfate, and natural organics, and highlight an underappreciated wintertime source of primary carbonaceous aerosols (EC and OA) in West Siberia, potentially associated with the oil and gas sector. The presented dataset can assist in reducing uncertainties in modelling pan-Arctic aerosol-climate interactions, as the major contributors to yearly aerosol mass can be constrained. These models can then be used to predict the future evolution of individual inner-Arctic atmospheric PM components in light of current and emerging pollution mitigation measures and improved region-specific emission inventories.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Arctic ; Natural Aerosol ; Anthropogenic Aerosol ; Chemical Composition ; Long-range Air Mass Transport ; Aerosol-climate Effects; Biogenic Sulfur Aerosol; Sea-salt Aerosol; Long-term Trends; Black Carbon; Source Apportionment; Organic Aerosol; Air-pollution; Amplification; Sulfate; Temperature
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1748-9318
e-ISSN
1748-9326
Journal
Environmental Research Letters
Quellenangaben
Volume: 17,
Issue: 3,
Article Number: 034032
Publisher
Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)
Publishing Place
Temple Circus, Temple Way, Bristol Bs1 6be, England
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Grants
RIS 3693
Russian Fond for Basic Research
RSF
Environment & Climate Change Canada
Academy of Finland (Atmosphere and Climate Competence Center)
Ferring Pharmaceuticals
SNSF Scientific Exchanges grant 'Source apportionment of Russian Arctic aerosol' (SARAA)
Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI)
United States Department of Energy (ARM Field Campaigns)
NOAA
C Gus Glasscock, Jr Endowed Fund for Excellence in Environmental Sciences
PRIN-20092C7KRC001
LABEX OSUG@2020
Norwegian Environment Agency
Villum Foundation
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Aarhus University
iGOSP project
Ministry of Climate, Energy, and Utilities
Danish EPA
Danish Energy Agency
Danish Environmental Protection Agency
European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme via the ERA-PLANET (The European Network for observing our changing Planet) project iCUPE (Integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments)
Russian Fond for Basic Research
RSF
Environment & Climate Change Canada
Academy of Finland (Atmosphere and Climate Competence Center)
Ferring Pharmaceuticals
SNSF Scientific Exchanges grant 'Source apportionment of Russian Arctic aerosol' (SARAA)
Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI)
United States Department of Energy (ARM Field Campaigns)
NOAA
C Gus Glasscock, Jr Endowed Fund for Excellence in Environmental Sciences
PRIN-20092C7KRC001
LABEX OSUG@2020
Norwegian Environment Agency
Villum Foundation
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Aarhus University
iGOSP project
Ministry of Climate, Energy, and Utilities
Danish EPA
Danish Energy Agency
Danish Environmental Protection Agency
European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme via the ERA-PLANET (The European Network for observing our changing Planet) project iCUPE (Integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments)