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Sulaj, A.* ; Kopf, S.* ; von Rauchhaupt, E.* ; Kliemank, E.* ; Brune, M.* ; Kender, Z.* ; Bartl, H.* ; Cortizo, F.G.* ; Klepac, K. ; Han, Z.* ; Kumar, V.* ; Longo, V.* ; Teleman, A.A.* ; Okun, J.G.* ; Morgenstern, J.* ; Fleming, T.* ; Szendroedi, J.* ; Herzig, S. ; Nawroth, P.P.*

Six-month periodic fasting in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy: A proof-of-concept study.

J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 107, 2167-2181 (2022)
Publ. Version/Full Text DOI PMC
Open Access Gold (Paid Option)
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CONTEXT: Novel fasting interventions have gained scientific and public attention. Periodic fasting has emerged as a dietary modification promoting beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE: Assess whether periodic fasting reduces albuminuria and activates nephropathy-driven pathways. DESIGN/PARTICIPANTS: Proof-of-concept study where individuals with type 2 diabetes (n = 40) and increased albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) were randomly assigned to receive a monthly fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) or a Mediterranean diet for 6 months with 3-month follow-up. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Change in ACR was assessed by analysis of covariance adjusted for age, sex, weight loss, and baseline value. Prespecified subgroup analysis for patients with micro- vs macroalbuminuria at baseline was performed. Change in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), circulating markers of dicarbonyl detoxification (methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone 1, glyoxalase-1, and hydroxyacetone), DNA-damage/repair (phosphorylated histone H2AX), lipid oxidation (acylcarnitines), and senescence (soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor) were assessed as exploratory endpoints. RESULTS: FMD was well tolerated with 71% to 95% of the participants reporting no adverse effects. After 6 months, change in ACR was comparable between study groups [110.3 (99.2, 121.5) mg/g; P = 0.45]. FMD led to a reduction of ACR in patients with microalbuminuria levels at baseline [-30.3 (-35.7, -24.9) mg/g; P ≤ 0.05] but not in those with macroalbuminuria [434.0 (404.7, 463.4) mg/g; P = 0.23]. FMD reduced HOMA-IR [-3.8 (-5.6, -2.0); P ≤ 0.05] and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor [-156.6 (-172.9, -140.4) pg/mL; P ≤ 0.05], while no change was observed in markers of dicarbonyl detoxification or DNA-damage/repair. Change in acylcarnitines was related to patient responsiveness to ACR improvement. At follow-up only HOMA-IR reduction [-1.9 (-3.7, -0.1), P ≤ 0.05]) was sustained. CONCLUSIONS: Improvement of microalbuminuria and of markers of insulin resistance, lipid oxidation, and senescence suggest the potential beneficial effects of periodic fasting in type 2 diabetes.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Diabetic Nephropathy ; Periodic Fasting ; Insulin Resistance ; Dicarbonyl Detoxification ; Lipid Oxidation ; Senescence
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0021-972X
e-ISSN 1945-7197
Journal Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, The
Quellenangaben Volume: 107, Issue: 8, Pages: 2167-2181 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Endocrine Society
Publishing Place Bethesda, Md.
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)
Grants Deutsches Zentrum fur Diabetesforschung

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft