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Niemann, B.* ; Haufs-Brusberg, S.* ; Puetz, L.* ; Feickert, M.* ; Jaeckstein, M.Y.* ; Hoffmann, A. ; Zurkovic, J.* ; Heine, M.* ; Trautmann, E.-M. ; Müller, C.E.* ; Tönjes, A.* ; Schlein, C.* ; Jafari, A.* ; Eltzschig, H.K.* ; Gnad, T.* ; Blüher, M. ; Krahmer, N. ; Kovacs, P.* ; Heeren, J.* ; Pfeifer, A.*

Apoptotic brown adipocytes enhance energy expenditure via extracellular inosine.

Nature 609, 361–368 (2022)
Publ. Version/Full Text Research data DOI PMC
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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy1,2 and promotes cardio-metabolic health3. Loss of BAT during obesity and aging is a principal hurdle for BAT-centered obesity therapies, but not much is known about BAT apoptosis. Here, untargeted metabolomics demonstrated that apoptotic brown adipocytes release a specific pattern of metabolites with purine metabolites being highly enriched. Interestingly, this apoptotic secretome enhances expression of the thermogenic program in healthy adipocytes. This effect is mediated by the purine inosine which stimulates energy expenditure (EE) in brown adipocytes via the cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway. Treatment of mice with inosine increased BAT-dependent EE and induced "browning" of white adipose tissue. Mechanistically, the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1, SLC29A1) regulates inosine levels in BAT: ENT1-deficiency increases extracellular inosine levels and consequently enhances thermogenic adipocyte differentiation. In mice, pharmacological inhibition of ENT1 as well as global and adipose-specific ablation enhanced BAT activity and counteracted diet-induced obesity, respectively. In human brown adipocytes, knockdown or blockade of ENT1 increased extracellular inosine, which enhanced thermogenic capacity. Conversely, high ENT1 levels correlated with lower expression of the thermogenic marker UCP1 in human adipose tissues. Finally, the Ile216Thr loss of function mutation in human ENT1 was associated with significantly lower BMI and 59% lower odds of obesity for individuals carrying the Thr variant. Our data identify inosine as a metabolite released during apoptosis with "replace me" signaling function that regulates thermogenic fat and counteracts obesity.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Adipose-tissue; Rna-seq; Receptor; Cells; Beige; Thermogenesis; Activation; Injury; Ent1
Language english
Publication Year 2022
HGF-reported in Year 2022
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0028-0836
e-ISSN 1476-4687
Journal Nature
Quellenangaben Volume: 609, Issue: 7926, Pages: 361–368 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Nature Publishing Group
Publishing Place London
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Helmholtz Institute for Metabolism, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG)
Institute of Diabetes and Obesity (IDO)
POF-Topic(s) 30201 - Metabolic Health
90000 - German Center for Diabetes Research
Research field(s) Helmholtz Diabetes Center
PSP Element(s) G-506501-001
G-501900-221
Grants Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
U.S. Department of Defense
National Institutes of Health
Pharmaceutical Institute
DOI 10.1038/s41586-022-05041-0
WOS ID 000936140500001
PubMed ID 35790189
Erfassungsdatum 2022-11-02
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