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Entfellner, E.* ; Li, R. ; Jiang, Y. ; Ru, J. ; Blom, J.* ; Deng, L. ; Kurmayer, R.*

Toxic/bioactive peptide synthesis genes rearranged by insertion sequence elements among the bloom-forming cyanobacteria Planktothrix.

Front. Microbiol. 13:901762 (2022)
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It has been generally hypothesized that mobile elements can induce genomic rearrangements and influence the distribution and functionality of toxic/bioactive peptide synthesis pathways in microbes. In this study, we performed in depth genomic analysis by completing the genomes of 13 phylogenetically diverse strains of the bloom-forming freshwater cyanobacteria Planktothrix spp. to investigate the role of insertion sequence (IS) elements in seven pathways. Chromosome size varied from 4.7–4.8 Mbp (phylogenetic Lineage 1 of P. agardhii/P. rubescens thriving in shallow waterbodies) to 5.4–5.6 Mbp (Lineage 2 of P. agardhii/P. rubescens thriving in deeper physically stratified lakes and reservoirs) and 6.3–6.6 Mbp (Lineage 3, P. pseudagardhii/P. tepida including planktic and benthic ecotypes). Although the variation in chromosome size was positively related to the proportion of IS elements (1.1–3.7% on chromosome), quantitatively, IS elements and other paralogs only had a minor share in chromosome size variation. Thus, the major part of genomic variation must have resulted from gene loss processes (ancestor of Lineages 1 and 2) and horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Six of seven peptide synthesis gene clusters were found located on the chromosome and occurred already in the ancestor of P. agardhii/P. rubescens, and became partly lost during evolution of Lineage 1. In general, no increased IS element frequency in the vicinity of peptide synthesis gene clusters was observed. We found a higher proportion of IS elements in ten breaking regions related to chromosomal rearrangements and a tendency for colocalization of toxic/bioactive peptide synthesis gene clusters on the chromosome.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Chromosomal Rearrangements ; Cyanotoxins ; Genome Size Variation ; Harmful Algal Blooms ; Horizontal Gene Transfer ; Insertion Sequence Elements ; Microevolution ; Secondary Metabolites
Language english
Publication Year 2022
HGF-reported in Year 2022
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1664-302X
e-ISSN 1664-302X
Quellenangaben Volume: 13, Issue: , Pages: , Article Number: 901762 Supplement: ,
Publisher Frontiers
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
POF-Topic(s) 30203 - Molecular Targets and Therapies
Research field(s) Immune Response and Infection
PSP Element(s) G-554300-001
Grants Austrian Science Fund
Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Office of China Postdoc Council
Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen
China Scholarship Council
Scopus ID 85135920650
PubMed ID 35966708
Erfassungsdatum 2022-11-14