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Winheim, E.* ; Eser, T.* ; Deák, F.* ; Ahmed, M.I.M.* ; Baranov, O.* ; Rinke, L.* ; Eisenächer, K.* ; Santos-Peral, A. ; Karimzadeh, H. ; Pritsch, M. ; Scherer, C.* ; Muenchhoff, M.* ; Hellmuth, J.C.* ; von Bergwelt-Baildon, M.* ; Olbrich, L.* ; Hoelscher, M.* ; Wieser, A.* ; Kroidl, I.* ; Rothenfußer, S. ; Geldmacher, C.* ; Krug, A.B.*

Distinct and dynamic activation profiles of circulating dendritic cells and monocytes in mild COVID-19 and after yellow fever vaccination.

Eur. J. Immunol. 53:e2250090 (2022)

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Dysregulation of the myeloid cell compartment is a feature of severe disease in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Here, we investigated the response of circulating dendritic cell (DC) and monocyte subpopulations in SARS-CoV-2 infected outpatients with mild disease and compared it to the response of healthy individuals to yellow fever vaccine virus YF17D as a model of a well-coordinated response to viral infection. In SARS-CoV-2-infected outpatients circulating DCs were persistently reduced for several weeks whereas after YF17D vaccination DC numbers were decreased temporarily and rapidly replenished by increased proliferation until 14 days after vaccination. The majority of COVID-19 outpatients showed high expression of CD86 and PD-L1 in monocytes and DCs early on, resembling the dynamic after YF17D vaccination. In a subgroup of patients low CD86 and high PD-L1 expression were detected in monocytes and DCs coinciding with symptoms, higher age and lower lymphocyte counts. This phenotype was similar to that observed in severely ill COVID-19 patients, but less pronounced. Thus, prolonged reduction and dysregulated activation of blood DCs and monocytes were seen in a subgroup of symptomatic non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients while a transient coordinated activation was characteristic for the majority of patients with mild COVID-19 and the response to YF17D vaccination. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Sars-cov-2 ; Yf17d ; Dendritic Cells ; Monocytes ; Yellow Fever; Innate Immune-system; Virus-infection; Population; Immunology; Responses; Reveals

ISSN (print) / ISBN 0014-2980

e-ISSN 1521-4141

Journal European Journal of Immunology

Quellenangaben Volume: 53, Issue: 3, Article Number: e2250090

Publisher Wiley

Publishing Place Hoboken

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Unit for Clinical Pharmacology (KKG-EKLiP)

Grants Free State of Bavaria under the Excellence Strategy of the Federal Government and the Laender
LMUexcellent - Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Villigst Foundation
Bavarian State Ministry of Science and the Arts
LMU Klinikum Muenchen, and Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen
Bavarian State Ministry of Science and Art
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)