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The role of hepatokines in NAFLD.
Cell Metab. 35, 236-252 (2023)
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not only a consequence of insulin resistance, but it is also an important cause of insulin resistance and major non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The close relationship of NAFLD with visceral obesity obscures the role of fatty liver from visceral adiposity as the main pathomechanism of insulin resistance and NCDs. To overcome this limitation, in analogy to the concept of adipokines, in 2008 we introduced the term hepatokines to describe the role of fetuin-A in metabolism. Since then, several other hepatokines were tested for their effects on metabolism. Here we address the dysregulation of hepatokines in people with NAFLD. Then, we discuss pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiometabolic diseases specifically related to NAFLD by focusing on hepatokine-related organ crosstalk. Finally, we propose how the determination of major hepatokines and adipokines can be used for pathomechanism-based clustering of insulin resistance in NAFLD and visceral obesity to better implement precision medicine in clinical practice.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Hormone-binding Globulin; Fatty Liver-disease; Fetuin-a Levels; Alpha(2)-heremans-schmid Glycoprotein/fetuin-a; Incident Diabetes-mellitus; De-novo Lipogenesis; Insulin-resistance; Hepatic Steatosis; Selenoprotein P; Adipose-tissue
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1550-4131
e-ISSN
1932-7420
Journal
Cell Metabolism
Quellenangaben
Volume: 35,
Issue: 2,
Pages: 236-252
Publisher
Elsevier
Publishing Place
50 Hampshire St, Floor 5, Cambridge, Ma 02139 Usa
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Grants
National Institutes of Health
German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)