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Willy, C.* ; Bugert, J.J.* ; Classen, A.Y.* ; Deng, L. ; Düchting, A.* ; Gross, J.* ; Hammerl, J.A.* ; Korf, I.H.E.* ; Kühn, C.* ; Lieberknecht-Jouy, S.* ; Rohde, C.* ; Rupp, M.* ; Vehreschild, M.J.G.T.* ; Vogele, K.* ; Wienecke, S.* ; Witzenrath, M.* ; Würstle, S.* ; Ziehr, H.* ; Moelling, K.* ; Broecker, F.*

Phage therapy in Germany-update 2023.

Viruses 15:23 (2023)
Publ. Version/Full Text DOI PMC
Open Access Gold
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
Bacteriophage therapy holds promise in addressing the antibiotic-resistance crisis, globally and in Germany. Here, we provide an overview of the current situation (2023) of applied phage therapy and supporting research in Germany. The authors, an interdisciplinary group working on patient-focused bacteriophage research, addressed phage production, phage banks, susceptibility testing, clinical application, ongoing translational research, the regulatory situation, and the network structure in Germany. They identified critical shortcomings including the lack of clinical trials, a paucity of appropriate regulation and a shortage of phages for clinical use. Phage therapy is currently being applied to a limited number of patients as individual treatment trials. There is presently only one site in Germany for large-scale good-manufacturing-practice (GMP) phage production, and one clinic carrying out permission-free production of medicinal products. Several phage banks exist, but due to varying institutional policies, exchange among them is limited. The number of phage research projects has remarkably increased in recent years, some of which are part of structured networks. There is a demand for the expansion of production capacities with defined quality standards, a structured registry of all treated patients and clear therapeutic guidelines. Furthermore, the medical field is still poorly informed about phage therapy. The current status of non-approval, however, may also be regarded as advantageous, as insufficiently restricted use of phage therapy without adequate scientific evidence for effectiveness and safety must be prevented. In close coordination with the regulatory authorities, it seems sensible to first allow some centers to treat patients following the Belgian model. There is an urgent need for targeted networking and funding, particularly of translational research, to help advance the clinical application of phages.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Corresponding Author
Keywords Germany ; Antimicrobial Resistance ; Phage Therapy ; Regulatory Framework; Bacteriophages; Infection
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1999-4915
e-ISSN 1999-4915
Journal Viruses
Quellenangaben Volume: 15, Issue: 2, Pages: , Article Number: 23 Supplement: ,
Publisher MDPI
Publishing Place St Alban-anlage 66, Ch-4052 Basel, Switzerland
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Virology (VIRO)