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Free carnitine concentrations and biochemical parameters in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: Genotype-phenotype correlation.
Clin. Genet. 103, 644-654 (2023)
Biallelic variants in the ACADM gene cause medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD). This study reports on differences in the occurrence of secondary free carnitine (C0) deficiency and different biochemical phenotypes related to genotype and age in 109 MCADD patients followed-up at a single tertiary care center during 22 years. C0 deficiency occurred earlier and more frequently in c.985A>G homozygotes (genotype A) compared to c.985A>G compound heterozygotes (genotype B) and individuals carrying variants other than c.985A>G and c.199C>T (genotype D) (median age 4.2 vs. 6.6 years; p < 0.001). No patient carrying c.199C>T (genotype C) developed C0 deficiency. A daily dosage of 20-40 mg/kg carnitine was sufficient to maintain normal C0 concentrations. Compared to genotype A as reference group, octanoylcarnitine (C8) was significantly lower in genotypes B and C, whereas C0 was significantly higher by 8.28 μmol/l in genotype C (p < 0.05). In conclusion, C0 deficiency is mainly found in patients with pathogenic genotypes associated with high concentrations of presumably toxic acylcarnitines, while individuals carrying the variant c.199C>T are spared and show consistently mild biochemical phenotypes into adulthood. Low-dose carnitine supplementation maintains normal C0 concentrations. However, future studies need to evaluate clinical benefits on acute and chronic manifestations of MCADD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Acylcarnitines ; Biochemical Phenotype ; Medium-chain Acyl-coa Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; Newborn Screening ; Secondary Carnitine Deficiency; Mcad Deficiency; Prevalent Mutation; Inborn-errors; Metabolism; Diagnosis; Identification; Spectrum; G985; Gene
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0009-9163
e-ISSN
1399-0004
Journal
Clinical Genetics
Quellenangaben
Volume: 103,
Issue: 6,
Pages: 644-654
Publisher
Wiley
Publishing Place
111 River St, Hoboken 07030-5774, Nj Usa
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Neurogenomics (ING)