PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München: Circulating levels of gastrointestinal hormones in prediabetes reversing to normoglycemia or progressing to diabetes in a year-A cross-sectional and prospective analysis.

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Hoffmann, C.* ; Schwarz, P.E. ; Mantzoros, C.S.* ; Birkenfeld, A.L. ; Wolfrum, C.* ; Solimena, M. ; Bornstein, S.R. ; Perakakis, N.

Circulating levels of gastrointestinal hormones in prediabetes reversing to normoglycemia or progressing to diabetes in a year-A cross-sectional and prospective analysis.

Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 199:110636 (2023)

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AIMS: We aimed to compare the concentrations of GLP-1, glucagon and GIP (established regulators of glucose homeostasis) and glicentin (emerging new metabolic marker)during an OGTT in patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes and diabetes at onset, and one-year before, when all had prediabetes. METHODS: GLP-1, glucagon, GIP and glicentin concentrations were measured and compared with markers of body composition, insulin sensitivity and β-cell function at a 5-timepoint OGTT in 125 subjects (30 diabetes, 65 prediabetes, 30 NGT) and in 106 of them one-year before, when all had prediabetes. RESULTS: At baseline, when all subjects were in prediabetic state, hormonal levels did not differ between groups. One year later, patients progressing to diabetes had lower postprandial increases of glicentin and GLP-1, lower postprandial decrease of glucagon, and higher levels of fasting GIP compared to patients regressing to NGT. Changes in glicentin and GLP-1 AUC within this year correlated negatively with changes in Glucose AUC of OGTT and with changes in markers of beta cell function. CONCLUSION: Incretins, glucagon and glicentin profiles in prediabetic state cannot predict future glycemic traits, but prediabetes progressing to diabetes is accompanied by deterioration of postprandial increases of GLP-1 and glicentin.

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