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Persistent symptoms and risk factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free after SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: An analysis of the baseline examination of the German COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP cohort.
Infection 51, 1679-1694 (2023)
PURPOSE: We aimed to assess symptoms in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection and to identify factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free. METHODS: COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP is a population-based prospective cohort of adults whose first on-site visits were scheduled ≥ 6 months after a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Retrospective data including self-reported symptoms and time to symptom-free were collected during the survey before a site visit. In the survival analyses, being symptom-free served as the event and time to be symptom-free as the time variable. Data were visualized with Kaplan-Meier curves, differences were tested with log-rank tests. A stratified Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of predictors, with aHR < 1 indicating a longer time to symptom-free. RESULTS: Of 1175 symptomatic participants included in the present analysis, 636 (54.1%) reported persistent symptoms after 280 days (SD 68) post infection. 25% of participants were free from symptoms after 18 days [quartiles: 14, 21]. Factors associated with prolonged time to symptom-free were age 49-59 years compared to < 49 years (aHR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56-0.87), female sex (aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.65-0.93), lower educational level (aHR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64-0.93), living with a partner (aHR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66-0.99), low resilience (aHR 0.65, 95% CI 0.47-0.90), steroid treatment (aHR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05-0.90) and no medication (aHR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62-0.89) during acute infection. CONCLUSION: In the studied population, COVID-19 symptoms had resolved in one-quarter of participants within 18 days, and in 34.5% within 28 days. Over half of the participants reported COVID-19-related symptoms 9 months after infection. Symptom persistence was predominantly determined by participant's characteristics that are difficult to modify.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Covid-19 ; Long Covid ; Post-covid Syndrome ; Risk Factors ; Time To Symptom-free; Covid-19
Language
english
Publication Year
2023
HGF-reported in Year
2023
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0300-8126
e-ISSN
1439-0973
Quellenangaben
Volume: 51,
Issue: 6,
Pages: 1679-1694
Publisher
Urban & Vogel
Publishing Place
Tiergartenstrasse 17, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
POF-Topic(s)
30202 - Environmental Health
Research field(s)
Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP Element(s)
G-504091-004
WOS ID
000994781900001
Scopus ID
85160410082
PubMed ID
37231313
Erfassungsdatum
2023-10-06