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de Bont, J.* ; Pickford, R. ; Åström, C.* ; Colomar, F.* ; Dimakopoulou, K.* ; de Hoogh, K.* ; Ibi, D.* ; Katsouyanni, K.* ; Melén, E.* ; Nobile, F.* ; Pershagen, G.* ; Persson, * ; Samoli, E.* ; Stafoggia, M.* ; Tonne, C.* ; Vlaanderen, J.* ; Wolf, K. ; Vermeulen, R.* ; Peters, A. ; Ljungman, P.*

Mixtures of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution, built environment and temperature and stroke incidence across Europe.

Environ. Int. 179:108136 (2023)

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INTRODUCTION: The complex interplay of multiple environmental factors and cardiovascular has scarcely been studied. Within the EXPANSE project, we evaluated the association between long-term exposure to multiple environmental indices and stroke incidence across Europe. METHODS: Participants from three traditional adult cohorts (Germany, Netherlands and Sweden) and four administrative cohorts (Catalonia [region Spain], Rome [city-wide], Greece and Sweden [nationwide]) were followed until incident stroke, death, migration, loss of follow-up or study end. We estimated exposures at residential addresses from different exposure domains: air pollution (nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), particulate matter < 2.5 μm (PM_2.5), black carbon (BC), ozone), built environment (green/blue spaces, impervious surfaces) and meteorology (seasonal mean and standard deviation of temperatures). Associations between environmental exposures and stroke were estimated in single and multiple-exposure Cox proportional hazard models, and Principal Component (PC) Analyses derived prototypes for specific exposures domains. We carried out random effects meta-analyses by cohort type. RESULTS: In over 15 million participants, increased levels of NO₂ and BC were associated with increased higher stroke incidence in both cohort types. Increased Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was associated with a lower stroke incidence in both cohort types, whereas an increase in impervious surface was associated with an increase in stroke incidence. The first PC of the air pollution domain (PM_2.5, NO₂ and BC) was associated with an increase in stroke incidence. For the built environment, higher levels of NDVI and lower levels of impervious surfaces were associated with a protective effect [%change in HR per 1 unit = -2.0 (95 %CI, -5.9;2.0) and -1.1(95 %CI, -2.0; -0.3) for traditional adult and administrative cohorts, respectively]. No clear patterns were observed for distance to blue spaces or temperature parameters. CONCLUSIONS: We observed increased HRs for stroke with exposure to PM_2.5, NO₂ and BC, lower levels of greenness and higher impervious surface in single and combined exposure models.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Air Pollution ; Green Space ; Meta-analysis ; Multiple Environmental Exposures ; Stroke ; Urban Exposome; Cardiovascular Risk-factors; Health; Cohorts; Disease; No2

ISSN (print) / ISBN 0160-4120

e-ISSN 1873-6750

Journal Environment International

Quellenangaben Volume: 179, Article Number: 108136

Publisher Elsevier

Publishing Place The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford Ox5 1gb, England

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology II (EPI2)

Grants Formas
Ulla Hamberg Angeby and Lennart Angeby Foundation
Svenska Forskningsradet Formas
European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme