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Kroidl, I.* ; Winter, S.* ; Rubio-Acero, R.* ; Bakuli, A.* ; Geldmacher, C.* ; Eser, T.M.* ; Deák, F.* ; Horn, S.* ; Zielke, A.* ; Ahmed, M.I.M.* ; Diepers, P.* ; Guggenbühl, J.* ; Frese, J.* ; Bruger, J.* ; Puchinger, K.* ; Reich, J.* ; Falk, P.* ; Markgraf, A.* ; Fensterseifer, H.* ; Paunovic, I.* ; Thomschke, A.* ; Pritsch, M.* ; Riess, F.* ; Saathoff, E.* ; Hoelscher, M.* ; Olbrich, L.* ; Castelletti, N. ; Wieser, A.*

Studying temporal titre evolution of commercial SARS-CoV-2 assays reveals significant shortcomings of using BAU standardization for comparison.

Virol. J. 20:200 (2023)

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Background: Measuring specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies has become one of the main epidemiological tools to survey the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, but also vaccination response. The WHO made available a set of well-characterized samples derived from recovered individuals to allow normalization between different quantitative anti-Spike assays to defined Binding Antibody Units (BAU). Methods: To assess sero-responses longitudinally, a cohort of ninety-nine SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive subjects was followed up together with forty-five vaccinees without previous infection but with two vaccinations. Sero-responses were evaluated using a total of six different assays: four measuring anti-Spike proteins (converted to BAU), one measuring anti-Nucleocapsid proteins and one SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization. Both cohorts were evaluated using the Euroimmun Anti-SARS-CoV-2-ELISA anti-S1 IgG and the Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-S1 assay. Results: In SARS-CoV-2-convalesce subjects, the BAU-sero-responses of Euroimmun Anti-SARS-CoV-2-ELISA anti-S1 IgG and Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-S1 peaked both at 47 (43–51) days, the first assay followed by a slow decay thereafter (> 208 days), while the second assay not presenting any decay within one year. Both assay values in BAUs are only equivalent a few months after infection, elsewhere correction factors up to 10 are necessary. In contrast, in infection-naive vaccinees the assays perform similarly. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that the establishment of a protective correlate or vaccination booster recommendation based on different assays, although BAU-standardised, is still challenging. At the moment the characteristics of the available assays used are not related, and the BAU-standardisation is unable to correct for that.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Antibody ; Binding Antibody Units ; Covid-19 ; Nucleocapsid ; Rbd ; Sars-cov-2 ; Serology ; Spike; Antibody-response; Surveillance; Bnt162b2

e-ISSN 1743-422x

Journal Virology Journal

Quellenangaben Volume: 20, Issue: 1, Article Number: 200

Publisher BioMed Central

Publishing Place Campus, 4 Crinan St, London N1 9xw, England

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM)

Grants KoCo19/ORCHESTRA Study group: Mohamed IbraheemMohamed Ahmed, Emad Alamoudi, Jared Anderson, Valeria Baldassarre, Abhishek Bakuli, Maximilian Baumann, Marc Becker, Franziska Bednarski, Marieke Behlen, Olimbek Bemirayev, Jessica Beyerl, Patrick