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Raupers, B.* ; Passig, J. ; Gehm, C.* ; Beck, A.J.* ; Esposito, M.* ; Gledhill, M.* ; Zimmermann, R. ; Achterberg, E.P.*

In situ detection of munition compounds in coastal waters.

Trends Analyt. Chem. 163:117084 (2023)
DOI
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Disposal of munitions at dumpsites in coastal seas was conducted after WW I and II. Also, large amounts of unexploded munitions from wartime activities litter the seafloor. Corrosion of munition shells causes release of toxic munition compounds (MCs). Furthermore, explosion risks increase due to large-scale economic developments in coastal waters. Seafloor munition clearance by commercial and military entities form an ongoing task to eliminate environmental and security risks. Munition detection primarily relies on geophysical techniques. However, these methods do not provide unequivocal signatures for ordnance and suffer from false positives. Here we assess chemical approaches using spectroscopic and spectrometric methods for ordnance detection in seawater with a primary focus on MCs, but also including chemical warfare agents. We discuss novel analytical techniques suitable for near real-time munition detection at sea, incorporating pre-concentration and matrix removal steps of seawater samples. We also describe emerging real-time technologies for on-site MC detection in coastal waters.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Corresponding Author
Keywords Adnt ; Analytical Methods ; Explosives ; Mass Spectrometry ; Ocean Dumping ; Rdx ; Seawater ; Tnt ; Underwater Munition; Ion Mobility Spectrometry; Mass-spectrometry; Microbial-degradation; High Explosives; Laser; Ionization; Pressure; Quantification; Identification; Dissociation
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0165-9936
e-ISSN 1873-3689
Journal TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry
Quellenangaben Volume: 163, Issue: , Pages: , Article Number: 117084 Supplement: ,
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford Ox5 1gb, Oxon, England
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA)
Grants Technik-und Logistik Zentrum (TLZ) at GEOMAR
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
ExPloTect project - European Maritime and Fisheries Fund
BMWK (German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action)
European Union