PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München: Successful weight regain attenuation by autologous fecal microbiota transplantation is associated with non-core gut microbiota changes during weight loss; randomized controlled trial.

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Kamer, O.* ; Rinott, E.* ; Tsaban, G.* ; Kaplan, A.* ; Yaskolka Meir, A.* ; Zelicha, H.* ; Knights, D.* ; Tuohy, K.* ; Fava, F.* ; Uwe Scholz, M.* ; Ziv, O.* ; Rubin, E.* ; Blüher, M. ; Stumvoll, M. ; Ceglarek, U.* ; Clément, K.* ; Koren, O.* ; Hu, F.B.* ; Stampfer, M.J.* ; Wang, D.D.* ; Youngster, I.* ; Shai, I.*

Successful weight regain attenuation by autologous fecal microbiota transplantation is associated with non-core gut microbiota changes during weight loss; randomized controlled trial.

Gut Microbes 15:2264457 (2023)

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We previously reported that autologous-fecal-microbiota-transplantation (aFMT), following 6 m of lifestyle intervention, attenuated subsequent weight regain and insulin rebound for participants consuming a high-polyphenol green-Mediterranean diet. Here, we explored whether specific changes in the core (abundant) vs. non-core (low-abundance) gut microbiome taxa fractions during the weight-loss phase (0-6 m) were differentially associated with weight maintenance following aFMT. Eighty-two abdominally obese/dyslipidemic participants (age = 52 years; 6 m weightloss = -8.3 kg) who provided fecal samples (0 m, 6 m) were included. Frozen 6 m's fecal samples were processed into 1 g, opaque and odorless aFMT capsules. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 100 capsules containing their own fecal microbiota or placebo over 8 m-14 m in ten administrations (adherence rate > 90%). Gut microbiome composition was evaluated using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Non-core taxa were defined as ≤ 66% prevalence across participants. Overall, 450 species were analyzed. At baseline, 13.3% were classified as core, and Firmicutes presented the highest core proportion by phylum. During 6 m weight-loss phase, abundance of non-core species changed more than core species (P < .0001). Subject-specific changes in core and non-core taxa fractions were strongly correlated (Jaccard Index; r = 0.54; P < .001). Following aFMT treatment, only participants with a low 6 m change in core taxa, and a high change in non-core taxa, avoided 8-14 m weight regain (aFMT = -0.58 ± 2.4 kg, corresponding placebo group = 3.18 ± 3.5 kg; P = .02). In a linear regression model, low core/high non-core 6 m change was the only combination that was significantly associated with attenuated 8-14 m weight regain (P = .038; P = .002 for taxa patterns/treatment intervention interaction). High change in non-core, low-abundance taxa during weight-loss might mediate aFMT treatment success for weight loss maintenance.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03020186.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Fmt ; Low-abundance Taxa ; Afmt ; Core Microbiome ; Lifestyle Intervention ; Weight Regain; Intestinal Microbiota; Insulin Sensitivity; Colitis

ISSN (print) / ISBN 1949-0976

e-ISSN 1949-0984

Journal Gut Microbes

Quellenangaben Volume: 15, Issue: 2, Article Number: 2264457

Publisher Landes Bioscience

Publishing Place 530 Walnut Street, Ste 850, Philadelphia, Pa 19106 Usa

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Helmholtz Institute for Metabolism, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG)

Grants We thank Prof. Assaf Rudich for his review of the manuscript of this work.