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Differential expression of immunoregulatory cytokines in adipose tissue and liver in response to high fat and high sugar diets in female mice.
Front. Nutr. 10:1275160 (2023)
A comprehensive understanding of how dietary components impact immunoregulatory gene expression in adipose tissue (AT) and liver, and their respective contributions to metabolic health in mice, remains limited. The current study aimed to investigate the metabolic consequences of a high-sucrose diet (HSD) and a high-fat diet (HFD) in female mice with a focus on differential lipid- and sucrose-induced changes in immunoregulatory gene expression in AT and liver. Female C57BL/6 J mice were fed a purified and macronutrient matched high fat, high sugar, or control diets for 12 weeks. Mice were extensively phenotyped, including glucose and insulin tolerance tests, adipose and liver gene and protein expression analysis by qPCR and Western blot, tissue lipid analyses, as well as histological analyses. Compared to the control diet, HSD- and HFD-fed mice had significantly higher body weights, with pronounced obesity along with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance only in HFD-fed mice. HSD-fed mice exhibited an intermediate phenotype, with mild metabolic deterioration at the end of the study. AT lipid composition was significantly altered by both diets, and inflammatory gene expression was only significantly induced in HFD-fed mice. In the liver however, histological analysis revealed that both HSD- and HFD-fed mice had pronounced ectopic lipid deposition indicating hepatic steatosis, but more pronounced in HSD-fed mice. This was in line with significant induction of pro-inflammatory gene expression specifically in livers of HSD-fed mice. Overall, our findings suggest that HFD consumption in female mice induces more profound inflammation in AT with pronounced deterioration of metabolic health, whereas HSD induced more pronounced hepatic steatosis and inflammation without yet affecting glucose metabolism.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Adipose Tissue ; High Fat Diet ; High Sugar Diet ; Inflammation ; Lipid Profile ; Nutrient ; Nutrition ; Obesity; Tumor-necrosis-factor; Obesity; Fructose; Inflammation; Sucrose; Acid; Lipogenesis
ISSN (print) / ISBN
2296-861X
e-ISSN
2296-861X
Journal
Frontiers in Nutrition
Quellenangaben
Volume: 10,
Article Number: 1275160
Publisher
Frontiers
Publishing Place
Lausanne
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Helmholtz Institute for Metabolism, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG)
Grants
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was funded by grants of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft SFB1052 "Obesity Mechanisms" (Project number: 209933838, B1 MB, B4
The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was funded by grants of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft SFB1052 "Obesity Mechanisms" (Project number: 209933838, B1 MB, B4