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Schwab, M.* ; Dezfouli, A.B.* ; Khosravi, M.* ; Alkotub, Ab. ; Bauer, L.* ; Birgani, M.J.T.* ; Multhoff, G.*

The radiation- and chemo-sensitizing capacity of diclofenac can be predicted by a decreased lactate metabolism and stress response.

Radiat. Oncol. 19:7 (2024)

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BACKGROUND: An enhanced aerobic glycolysis ("Warburg effect") associated with an increase in lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor aggressiveness and resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. We investigated the radiation- and chemo-sensitizing effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac in different cancer cell types. METHODS: The effects of a non-lethal concentration of diclofenac was investigated on c-MYC and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) protein expression/activity and the Heat shock Protein (HSP)/stress response in human colorectal (LS174T, LoVo), lung (A549), breast (MDA-MB-231) and pancreatic (COLO357) carcinoma cells. Radiation- and chemo-sensitization of diclofenac was determined using clonogenic cell survival assays and a murine xenograft tumor model. RESULTS: A non-lethal concentration of diclofenac decreases c-MYC protein expression and LDH activity, reduces cytosolic Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1), Hsp70 and Hsp27 levels and membrane Hsp70 positivity in LS174T and LoVo colorectal cancer cells, but not in A549 lung carcinoma cells, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and COLO357 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. The impaired lactate metabolism and stress response in diclofenac-sensitive colorectal cancer cells was associated with a significantly increased sensitivity to radiation and 5Fluorouracil in vitro, and in a human colorectal cancer xenograft mouse model diclofenac causes radiosensitization. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that a decrease in the LDH activity and/or stress response upon diclofenac treatment predicts its radiation/chemo-sensitizing capacity.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Diclofenac ; Radiation Sensitization ; Stress Response ; Tumor Metabolism; Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs; Heat-shock Factor-1; C-myc; Cancer; Dehydrogenase; Growth; Expression; Apoptosis; Proteins; Survival

ISSN (print) / ISBN 1748-717X

e-ISSN 1748-717X

Journal Radiation Oncology

Quellenangaben Volume: 19, Issue: 1, Article Number: 7

Publisher BioMed Central

Publishing Place Campus, 4 Crinan St, London N1 9xw, England

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI)

Grants Technische Universitt Mnchen (1025)