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Fischer, A. ; Martirosian, P.* ; Machann, J. ; Fränkle, B.* ; Schick, F.*

Frequency shifts of free water signals from compact bone: Simulations and measurements using a UTE-FID sequence.

Magn. Reson. Med., DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30027 (2024)

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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.

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PURPOSE: Free water in cortical bone is either contained in nearly cylindrical structures (mainly Haversian canals oriented parallel to the bone axis) or in more spherically shaped pores (lacunae). Those cavities have been reported to crucially influence bone quality and mechanical stability. Susceptibility differences between bone and water can lead to water frequency shifts dependent on the geometric characteristics. The purpose of this study is to calculate and measure the frequency distribution of the water signal in MRI in dependence of the microscopic bone geometry. METHODS: Finite element modeling and analytical approaches were performed to characterize the free water components of bone. The previously introduced UTE-FID technique providing spatially resolved FID-spectra was used to measure the frequency distribution pixel-wise for different orientations of the bone axis. RESULTS: The frequency difference between free water in spherical pores and in canals parallel to B₀ amounts up to approximately 100 Hz at 3T. Simulated resonance frequencies showed good agreement with the findings in UTE-FID spectra. The intensity ratio of the two signal components (parallel canals and spherical pores) was found to vary between periosteal and endosteal regions. CONCLUSION: Spatially resolved UTE-FID examinations allow the determination of the frequency distribution of signals from free water in cortical bone. This frequency distribution indicates the composition of the signal contributions from nearly spherical cavities and cylindrical canals which allows for further characterization of bone structure and status.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Ute Imaging ; Bound Water ; Cortical Bone ; Free Water ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic-susceptibility; Time; Mri; Porosity; Resonance

ISSN (print) / ISBN 0740-3194

e-ISSN 1522-2594

Journal Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

Publisher Wiley

Publishing Place 111 River St, Hoboken 07030-5774, Nj Usa

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM)
Helmholtz AI - KIT (HAI - KIT)

Grants Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)