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Riquelme-Guzmán, C.* ; Sandoval-Guzmán, T.

The salamander limb: A perfect model to understand imperfect integration during skeletal regeneration.

Biol. Open 13:bio060152 (2024)

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Limb regeneration in salamanders is achieved by a complex coordination of various biological processes and requires the proper integration of new tissue with old. Among the tissues found inside the limb, the skeleton is the most prominent component, which serves as a scaffold and provides support for locomotion in the animal. Throughout the years, researchers have studied the regeneration of the appendicular skeleton in salamanders both after limb amputation and as a result of fracture healing. The final outcome has been widely seen as a faithful re-establishment of the skeletal elements, characterised by a seamless integration into the mature tissue. The process of skeletal integration, however, is not well understood, and several works have recently provided evidence of commonly occurring flawed regenerates. In this Review, we take the reader on a journey through the course of bone formation and regeneration in salamanders, laying down a foundation for critically examining the mechanisms behind skeletal integration. Integration is a phenomenon that could be influenced at various steps of regeneration, and hence, we assess the current knowledge in the field and discuss how early events, such as tissue histolysis and patterning, influence the faithful regeneration of the appendicular skeleton.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Review

Corresponding Author

Keywords Axolotl ; Bone ; Cartilage ; Integration ; Ossification ; Regeneration; Axolotl Ambystoma-mexicanum; Cell-proliferation; Larval Amblystoma; Plasma-t3 Levels; Thyroid-hormone; Fore Limb; Blastema; Cartilage; Amphibia; Tissue

e-ISSN 2046-6390

Journal Biology Open

Quellenangaben Volume: 13, Issue: 2, Article Number: bio060152

Publisher Company of Biologists

Publishing Place Bidder Building, Station Rd, Histon, Cambridge Cb24 9lf, England

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute for Pancreatic Beta Cell Research (IPI)

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Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft research grant