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Bhattu, D.* ; Tripathi, S.N.* ; Bhowmik, H.S.* ; Moschos, V.* ; Lee, C.P.* ; Rauber, M.M.* ; Salazar, G.A.* ; Abbaszade, G. ; Cui, T.* ; Slowik, J.G.* ; Vats, P.* ; Mishra, S.* ; Lalchandani, V.* ; Satish, R.* ; Rai, P.* ; Casotto, R.* ; Tobler, A.* ; Kumar, V.* ; Hao, Y.* ; Qi, L.* ; Khare, P.* ; Manousakas, M.I.* ; Wang, Q.* ; Han, Y.* ; Tian, J.* ; Darfeuil, S.* ; Minguillon, M.C.* ; Hueglin, C.* ; Conil, S.* ; Rastogi, N.* ; Srivastava, A.K.* ; Ganguly, D.* ; Bjelic, S.* ; Canonaco, F.* ; Schnelle-Kreis, J. ; Dominutti, P.A.* ; Jaffrezo, J.L.* ; Szidat, S.* ; Chen, Y.* ; Cao, J.* ; Baltensperger, U.* ; Uzu, G.* ; Daellenbach, K.R.* ; El Haddad, I.* ; Prévôt, A.S.H.*

Local incomplete combustion emissions define the PM_2.5 oxidative potential in Northern India.

Nat. Commun. 15:3517 (2024)

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The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) is a major driver of PM-associated health effects. In India, the emission sources defining PM-OP, and their local/regional nature, are yet to be established. Here, to address this gap we determine the geographical origin, sources of PM, and its OP at five Indo-Gangetic Plain sites inside and outside Delhi. Our findings reveal that although uniformly high PM concentrations are recorded across the entire region, local emission sources and formation processes dominate PM pollution. Specifically, ammonium chloride, and organic aerosols (OA) from traffic exhaust, residential heating, and oxidation of unsaturated vapors from fossil fuels are the dominant PM sources inside Delhi. Ammonium sulfate and nitrate, and secondary OA from biomass burning vapors, are produced outside Delhi. Nevertheless, PM-OP is overwhelmingly driven by OA from incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels, including traffic. These findings suggest that addressing local inefficient combustion processes can effectively mitigate PM health exposure in northern India.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Positive Matrix Factorization; Source Apportionment; Organic Aerosol; Multilinear Engine; Air-pollution; Mass; Radiocarbon; Matter; Trends; Delhi

ISSN (print) / ISBN 2041-1723

e-ISSN 2041-1723

Journal Nature Communications

Quellenangaben Volume: 15, Issue: 1, Article Number: 3517

Publisher Nature Publishing Group

Publishing Place London

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA)

Grants
Central Pollution Control Board, Government of India
J.C. Bose National Fellowship under the aegis of Science and Engineering Research Board, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India
Open Philanthropy
Clean Air Fund
Ultra-high resolution mass spectrometer
French Research Agency
Predictair- FUGA Grant
Department of Space, Government of India
Swiss National Science Foundation Ambizione
Predictair- FUGA Grant, ACME
Swiss National Science Foundation
Swiss National Science Foundation Ambizione grant
SDC Clean-Air-China Program
Swiss National Science Foundation for the project MOLORG
French Research Agency - ANR
Swiss Development Cooperation (SDC) Clean Air Project in India

PuSH - Publication Server of Helmholtz Zentrum München

Local incomplete combustion emissions define the PM2.5 oxidative potential in Northern India.

Local incomplete combustion emissions define the PM_2.5 oxidative potential in Northern India.