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Mikolajczyk, R.* ; Diexer, S.* ; Klee, B.* ; Pfrommer, L.* ; Purschke, O.* ; Fricke, J.* ; Ahnert, P.* ; Gabrysch, S.* ; Gottschick, C.* ; Bohn, B.* ; Brenner, H.* ; Buck, C.* ; Castell, S.* ; Gastell, S.* ; Greiser, K.H.* ; Harth, V.* ; Heise, J.K.* ; Holleczek, B.* ; Kaaks, R.* ; Keil, T.* ; Krist, L.* ; Leitzmann, M.* ; Lieb, W.* ; Meinke-Franze, C.* ; Michels, K.B.* ; Velásquez, I.M.* ; Obi, N.* ; Panreck, L.* ; Peters, A. ; Pischon, T.* ; Schikowski, T.* ; Schmidt, B.* ; Standl, M. ; Stang, A.* ; Völzke, H.* ; Weber, A.* ; Zeeb, H.* ; Karch, A.*

Likelihood of Post-COVID Condition in people with hybrid immunity; data from the German National Cohort (NAKO).

J. Infect. 89, 7:106206 (2024)
Postprint DOI PMC
Open Access Green
OBJECTIVES: The risk of Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) under hybrid immunity remains unclear. METHODS: Using data from the German National Cohort (NAKO Gesundheitsstudie), we investigated risk factors for self-reported post-infection symptoms (any PCC is defined as having at least one symptom, and high symptom burden PCC as having nine or more symptoms). RESULTS: Sixty percent of 109,707 participants reported at least one previous SARS-CoV-2 infection; 35% reported having had any symptoms 4-12 months after infection; among them 23% reported nine or more symptoms. Individuals, who did not develop PCC after their first infection, had a strongly reduced risk for PCC after their second infection (50%) and a temporary risk reduction, which waned over nine months after the preceding infection. The risk of developing PCC strongly depended on the virus variant. Within variants, there was no effect of the number of preceding vaccinations, apart from a strong protection by the fourth vaccination compared to three vaccinations for the Omicron variant (odds ratio=0.52; 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.61). CONCLUSIONS: Previous infections without PCC and a fourth vaccination were associated with a lower risk of PCC after a new infection, indicating diminished risk under hybrid immunity. The two components of risk reduction after a preceding infection suggest different immunological mechanisms.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Hybrid Immunity ; Post-covid-19 Condition ; Reinfection ; Sars-cov-2 ; Vaccination
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0163-4453
e-ISSN 0163-4453
Quellenangaben Volume: 89, Issue: 2, Pages: 7, Article Number: 106206 Supplement: ,
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place 32 Jamestown Rd, London Nw1 7by, England
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Grants German Center for Lung Research
BMBF
Stiftung Charit
Helmholtz Association
Leibniz Association