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Nguyen, N.T.T.* ; Müller, R.* ; Briukhovetska, D.* ; Weber, J.* ; Feucht, J.* ; Künkele, A.* ; Hudecek, M.* ; Kobold, S.

The spectrum of CAR cellular effectors: Modes of action in anti-tumor immunity.

Cancers 16:2608 (2024)

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	Open Access Gold

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Chimeric antigen receptor-T cells have spearheaded the field of adoptive cell therapy and have shown remarkable results in treating hematological neoplasia. Because of the different biology of solid tumors compared to hematological tumors, response rates of CAR-T cells could not be transferred to solid entities yet. CAR engineering has added co-stimulatory domains, transgenic cytokines and switch receptors to improve performance and persistence in a hostile tumor microenvironment, but because of the inherent cell type limitations of CAR-T cells, including HLA incompatibility, toxicities (cytokine release syndrome, neurotoxicity) and high costs due to the logistically challenging preparation process for autologous cells, the use of alternative immune cells is gaining traction. NK cells and γδ T cells that do not need HLA compatibility or macrophages and dendritic cells with additional properties such as phagocytosis or antigen presentation are increasingly seen as cellular vehicles with potential for application. As these cells possess distinct properties, clinicians and researchers need a thorough understanding of their peculiarities and commonalities. This review will compare these different cell types and their specific modes of action seen upon CAR activation.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Review

Corresponding Author

Keywords Adoptive Cell Therapy ; Chemokines ; Chimeric Antigen Receptor ; Cytokines ; Dendritic Cells ; Gamma-delta T Cells ; Killing Mechanism ; Kinetics ; Macrophages ; Mode Of Action ; Natural Killer Cells ; Persistence; Natural-killer-cells; Chimeric Antigen Receptor; V-gamma-9v-delta-2 T-cells; Pluripotent Stem-cells; Fc-gamma Receptors; Dendritic Cells; Fas Ligand; Nk-cell; B-cell; Adoptive Immunotherapy

ISSN (print) / ISBN 2072-6694

Journal Cancers

Quellenangaben Volume: 16, Issue: 14, Article Number: 2608

Publisher MDPI

Publishing Place St Alban-anlage 66, Ch-4052 Basel, Switzerland

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Unit for Clinical Pharmacology (KKG-EKLiP)

Grants Monika Kutzner Foundation
Ernst Jung Stiftung
Wilhelm-Sander-Stiftung
German Cancer Aid (AvantCAR.de)
Else Kroner-Fresenius-Stiftung (IOLIN)
Horizon 2020 program of the European Union
Melanoma Research Alliance
Elite Network of Bavaria
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Institutional Strategy LMUexcellent of LMU Munich (within the framework of the German Excellence Initiative)
Bavarian Ministry for Economical Affairs
Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung
Bruno and Helene Joster Foundation
Bavarian Research Foundation
Hector Foundation
Deutsche JoseCarreras Leukamie Stiftung
Fritz-Bender Foundation
SFB-TRR
European Research Council
Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF)