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Dicks, L.* ; Schuh-von Graevenitz, K.* ; Prehn, C. ; Sadri, H.* ; Ghaffari, M.H.* ; Häussler, S.*

Bile acid profiles and messenger RNA expression of bile acid-related genes in the liver of dairy cows with high versus normal body condition.

J. Dairy Sci. 107, 8688-8708 (2024)
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Bile acids (BA) play a crucial role not only in lipid digestion but also in the regulation of overall energy homeostasis, including glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate BA profiles and mRNA expression of BA-related genes in the liver of high versus normal body condition in dairy cows. We hypothesized that body condition and the transition from gestation to lactation affect hepatic BA concentrations as well as the mRNA abundance of BA-related receptors, regulatory enzymes, and transporters. Therefore, we analyzed BA in the liver as well as the mRNA abundance of BA-related synthesizing enzymes, transporters, and receptors in the liver during the transition period in cows with different body conditions around calving. In a previously established animal model, 38 German Holstein cows were divided into groups with high body condition score (HBCS; n = 19) or normal body condition score (NBCS; n = 19) based on BCS and backfat thickness (BFT). Cows were fed diets aimed at achieving the targeted differences in BCS and BFT (NBCS: BCS <3.5, BFT <1.2 cm; HBCS: BCS >3.75, BFT >1.4 cm) until they were dried off at wk 7 before parturition. Both groups were fed identical diets during the dry period and subsequent lactation. Liver biopsies were taken at wk −7, 1, 3, and 12 relative to parturition. For BA measurement, a targeted metabolomics approach with liquid chromatography electrospray ionization MS/MS was used to analyze BA in the liver. The mRNA abundance of targeted genes related to BA synthesizing enzymes, transporters, and receptors in the liver was analyzed using microfluidic quantitative PCR. In total, we could detect 14 BA in the liver: 6 primary and 8 secondary BA, with glycocholic acid (GCA) being the most abundant one. The increase of glycine-conjugated BA after parturition, in parallel to increasing serum glycine concentrations may originate from an enhanced mobilization of muscle protein to meet the high nutritional requirements in early lactating cows. Higher DMI in NBCS cows compared with HBCS cows was associated with higher liver BA concentrations such as GCA, deoxycholic acid, and cholic acid. The mRNA abundance of BA-related enzymes measured herein suggests the dominance of the alternative signaling pathway in the liver of HBCS cows. Overall, BA profiles and BA metabolism in the liver depend on both, the body condition and lactation-induced effects in periparturient dairy cows.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Bile Acids ; Body Condition ; Liver ; Periparturient Period; Constitutive Androstane Receptor; Fatty Liver; Nuclear Receptors; Feedback-regulation; Transition Period; Salt Transporters; Cholesterol; Metabolism; Serum; Homeostasis
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0022-0302
e-ISSN 1525-3198
Journal Journal of Dairy Science
Quellenangaben Volume: 107, Issue: 10, Pages: 8688-8708 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place Ste 800, 230 Park Ave, New York, Ny 10169 Usa
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) CF Metabolomics & Proteomics (CF-MPC)
Grants Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Bonn, Germany)
DFG
German Research Foundation (Bonn, Germany)