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Xu, R.* ; Ye, T.* ; Huang, W.* ; Yue, X.* ; Morawska, L.* ; Abramson, M.J.* ; Chen, G.* ; Yu, P.* ; Liu, Y.* ; Yang, Z.* ; Zhang, Y.* ; Wu, Y.* ; Yu, W.* ; Wen, B.* ; Hales, S.* ; Lavigne, E.* ; Saldiva, P.H.N.* ; Coelho, M.S.Z.S.* ; Matus, P.* ; Royé, D.* ; Klompmaker, J.* ; Mistry, M.* ; Breitner-Busch, S. ; Zeka, A.* ; Raz, R.* ; Tong, S.* ; Johnston, F.H.* ; Schwartz, J.* ; Gasparrini, A.* ; Guo, Y.* ; Li, S.*

Global, regional, and national mortality burden attributable to air pollution from landscape fires: A health impact assessment study.

Lancet 404, 2447-2459 (2024)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
BACKGROUND: Landscape fire-sourced (LFS) air pollution is an increasing public health concern in the context of climate change. However, little is known about the attributable global, regional, and national mortality burden related to LFS air pollution. METHODS: We calculated country-specific population-weighted average daily and annual LFS fine particulate matter (PM2·5) and surface ozone (O3) during 2000-19 from a validated dataset. We obtained the relative risks (RRs) for both short-term and long-term impact of LFS PM2·5 and O3 on all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality. The short-term RRs were pooled from community-specific standard time-series regressions in 2267 communities across 59 countries or territories. The long-term RRs were obtained from published meta-analyses of cohort studies on all-source PM2·5 and O3. Annual mortality, population, and socio-demographic data for each country or territory were extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019. These data were used to estimate country-specific annual deaths attributable to LFS air pollution using standard algorithms. FINDINGS: Globally, 1·53 million all-cause deaths per year (95% empirical confidence interval [eCI] 1·24-1·82) were attributable to LFS air pollution during 2000-19, including 0·45 million (0·32-0·57) cardiovascular deaths and 0·22 million respiratory deaths (0·08-0·35). LFS PM2·5 and O3 contributed to 77·6% and 22·4% of the total attributable deaths, respectively. Over 90% of all attributable deaths were in low-income and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (606 769 million deaths per year), southeast Asia (206 817 million deaths), south Asia (170 762 million deaths), and east Asia (147 291 million deaths). The global cardiovascular attributable deaths saw an average 1·67% increase per year (ptrend <0·001), although the trends for all-cause and respiratory attributable deaths were not statistically significant. The five countries with the largest all-cause attributable deaths were China, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, India, Indonesia, and Nigeria, although the order changed in the second decade. The leading countries with the greatest attributable mortality rates (AMRs) were all in sub-Saharan Africa, despite decreasing trends from 2000 to 2019. North and central America, and countries surrounding the Mediterranean, showed increasing trends of all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory AMRs. Increasing cardiovascular AMR was also observed in southeast Asia, south Asia, and east Asia. In 2019, the AMRs in low-income countries remained four times those in high-income countries, though this had reduced from nine times in 2000. AMRs negatively correlated with a country-specific socio-demographic index (Spearman correlation coefficients r around -0·60). INTERPRETATION: LFS air pollution induced a substantial global mortality burden, with notable geographical and socioeconomic disparities. Urgent actions are required to address such substantial health impact and the associated environmental injustice in a warming climate. FUNDING: Australian Research Council, Australian National Health and Medical Research Council.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Exposure; Smoke
Language english
Publication Year 2024
HGF-reported in Year 2024
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0140-6736
e-ISSN 0099-5355
Journal Lancet, The
Quellenangaben Volume: 404, Issue: 10470, Pages: 2447-2459 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place Ste 800, 230 Park Ave, New York, Ny 10169 Usa
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
POF-Topic(s) 30202 - Environmental Health
Research field(s) Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP Element(s) G-504000-001
Grants Australian National Health and Medical Research Council
Australian Research Council
DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02251-7
WOS ID 001391420800001
Scopus ID 85211324749
PubMed ID 39615506
Erfassungsdatum 2024-12-04
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