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Jakwerth, C.A. ; Zissler, U.M. ; Oelsner, M. ; Pechtold, L. ; zur Bonsen, L.S. ; Plaschke, M. ; Kau, J. ; Davidovic, M. ; Mootz, M. ; Haller, B.* ; Chaker, A. ; Schmidt-Weber, C.B.

Nasal secretions trace epithelial type 2 response to allergen-specific immunotherapy.

Rhinology 63, 43-53 (2024)
DOI PMC
BACKGROUND: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is a disease-modifying therapy and is effective to reduce the symptoms of grass pollen-allergy. The airway epithelium of these patients releases inflammatory mediators including type-2 cytokines, which are associated with cellular processes involved in the symptomatic response of the affected tissue. Aim of the study was to identify epithelial biomarkers indicating AIT progress. METHODS: In an exploratory, observational allergy cohort, we longitudinally phenotyped 56 grass pollen-allergic patients undergoing AIT for over three years and 18 controls using nasal secretions at critical time windows during therapy to assess peak-season responses along the course of therapy. Type-2 cytokine protein levels were analyzed using the high-sensitivity multiplex electrochemiluminescence mesoscale technique. RESULTS: The type-2 cytokines CCL26 and POSTN oscillated seasonally, in contrast to TSLP and IL-33. However, only POSTN was reduced over the three-year AIT progression. In addition to POSTN, IL-24 and IL-37 levels were continuously reduced during AIT, while IFN-g and CCL27 were increased. Compared to healthy individuals, AIT did not restore healthy secretion levels but rather induced a novel homeostasis CONCLUSION: Nasal secretions trace the epithelial response during different phases of AIT. We demonstrate that AIT only partially controls the epithelial type 2 cytokine CCL26, which also adapts to seasonal changes, while POSTN and IL-24 are potential indicators of therapy success. Therefore, nasal secretions represent a promising, non-invasive tool for monitoring seasonal progress of AIT.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Airway Epithelium ; Allergen-specific Immunotherapy (ait) ; Allergic Rhinitis ; Nasal Secretions ; Non-invasive Biomarker; Dendritic Cells; Venom Immunotherapy; T-cells; Expression; Induction; Cytokine; Antigen; Il-4; Rhinoconjunctivitis; Interleukin-4
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0300-0729
e-ISSN 1996-8604
Journal Rhinology
Quellenangaben Volume: 63, Issue: 1, Pages: 43-53 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher International Rhinologic Society
Publishing Place Univ Medical Center Utrecht, Rm G05 127, Dept Otorhinol, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 Cx Utrecht, Netherlands
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute for Allergy Research (IAF)
Grants Federal Ministry of Education and Research: ESCAPE
German Research Foundation (DFG)
German Center for Lung Research (DZL)