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Jakwerth, C.A. ; Zissler, U.M. ; Oelsner, M. ; Pechtold, L. ; zur Bonsen, L.S. ; Plaschke, M. ; Kau, J. ; Davidovic, M. ; Mootz, M. ; Haller, B.* ; Chaker, A. ; Schmidt-Weber, C.B.

Nasal secretions trace epithelial type 2 response to allergen-specific immunotherapy.

Rhinology 63, 43-53 (2024)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
BACKGROUND: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is a disease-modifying therapy and is effective to reduce the symptoms of grass pollen-allergy. The airway epithelium of these patients releases inflammatory mediators including type-2 cytokines, which are associated with cellular processes involved in the symptomatic response of the affected tissue. Aim of the study was to identify epithelial biomarkers indicating AIT progress. METHODS: In an exploratory, observational allergy cohort, we longitudinally phenotyped 56 grass pollen-allergic patients undergoing AIT for over three years and 18 controls using nasal secretions at critical time windows during therapy to assess peak-season responses along the course of therapy. Type-2 cytokine protein levels were analyzed using the high-sensitivity multiplex electrochemiluminescence mesoscale technique. RESULTS: The type-2 cytokines CCL26 and POSTN oscillated seasonally, in contrast to TSLP and IL-33. However, only POSTN was reduced over the three-year AIT progression. In addition to POSTN, IL-24 and IL-37 levels were continuously reduced during AIT, while IFN-g and CCL27 were increased. Compared to healthy individuals, AIT did not restore healthy secretion levels but rather induced a novel homeostasis CONCLUSION: Nasal secretions trace the epithelial response during different phases of AIT. We demonstrate that AIT only partially controls the epithelial type 2 cytokine CCL26, which also adapts to seasonal changes, while POSTN and IL-24 are potential indicators of therapy success. Therefore, nasal secretions represent a promising, non-invasive tool for monitoring seasonal progress of AIT.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Airway Epithelium ; Allergen-specific Immunotherapy (ait) ; Allergic Rhinitis ; Nasal Secretions ; Non-invasive Biomarker; Dendritic Cells; Venom Immunotherapy; T-cells; Expression; Induction; Cytokine; Antigen; Il-4; Rhinoconjunctivitis; Interleukin-4
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0300-0729
e-ISSN 1996-8604
Journal Rhinology
Quellenangaben Volume: 63, Issue: 1, Pages: 43-53 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher International Rhinologic Society
Publishing Place Univ Medical Center Utrecht, Rm G05 127, Dept Otorhinol, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 Cx Utrecht, Netherlands
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute for Allergy Research (IAF)
Grants Federal Ministry of Education and Research: ESCAPE
German Research Foundation (DFG)
German Center for Lung Research (DZL)