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Karampelias, C. ; Liu, K.C.* ; Tengholm, A.* ; Andersson, O.*

Mechanistic insights and approaches for beta cell regeneration.

Nat. Chem. Biol., DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01822-y (2025)
Postprint DOI PMC
Open Access Green
Diabetes is characterized by variable loss of insulin-producing beta cells, and new regenerative approaches to increasing the functional beta cell mass of patients hold promise for reversing disease progression. In this Review, we summarize recent chemical biology breakthroughs advancing our knowledge of beta cell regeneration. We present current chemical-based tools, sensors and mechanistic insights into pathways that can be targeted to enhance beta cell regeneration in model organisms. We group the pathways according to the cellular processes they affect, that is, proliferation, conversion of other mature cell types to beta cells and beta cell differentiation from progenitor-like populations. We also suggest assays for assessing the functionality of the regenerated beta cells. Although regeneration processes differ between animal models, such as zebrafish, mice and pigs, regenerative mechanisms identified in any one animal model may be translatable to humans. Overall, chemical biology-based approaches in beta cell regeneration give hope that specific molecular pathways can be targeted to enhance beta cell regeneration.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Keywords Insulin-secretion; Alpha-cells; Pancreatic-islets; Progenitor Cells; Adenosine Kinase; Endocrine; Inhibition; Proliferation; Glucagon; Phosphorylation
Language english
Publication Year 2025
HGF-reported in Year 2025
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1552-4450
e-ISSN 1552-4469
Journal Nature Chemical Biology
Publisher Nature Publishing Group
Publishing Place Basingstoke
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research (IDR)
POF-Topic(s) 90000 - German Center for Diabetes Research
Research field(s) Helmholtz Diabetes Center
PSP Element(s) G-501900-231
Grants EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council)
Swedish national strategic grant initiative EXODIAB
Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
Family Ernfors Foundation
Diabetes Wellness Foundation
Swedish Diabetes Foundation
Science for Life Laboratory
Swedish Cancer Foundation
Swedish Child Diabetes Foundation
Novo Nordisk Foundation
Swedish Research Council
European Research Council under the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
DOI 10.1038/s41589-024-01822-y
WOS ID 001408494000001
Scopus ID 85217235002
PubMed ID 39881214
Erfassungsdatum 2025-03-26
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