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Santos-Peral, A.* ; Zaucha, M.* ; Nikolova, E.* ; Yaman, E. ; Puzek, B. ; Winheim, E.* ; Goresch, S.* ; Scheck, M.K.* ; Lehmann, L.* ; Dahlstroem, F.* ; Karimzadeh, H.* ; Thorn-Seshold, J.* ; Jia, S.* ; Luppa, F.* ; Pritsch, M.* ; Butt, J.* ; Metz-Zumaran, C.* ; Barba-Spaeth, G.* ; Endres, S. ; Kim-Hellmuth, S. ; Waterboer, T.* ; Krug, A.B.* ; Rothenfußer, S.

Basal T cell activation predicts yellow fever vaccine response independently of cytomegalovirus infection and sex-related immune variations.

Cell Rep. Med. 6:101946 (2025)

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The live-attenuated yellow fever 17D (YF17D) vaccine is a model of acute viral infection that induces long-lasting protective immunity. Among immunocompetent adults, responses to YF17D vary significantly. To understand the sources of this variability, we investigate the influence of sex, age, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type, and 20 prior infections on basal immune parameters and the cellular and antibody response to YF17D in 250 healthy young individuals. Multivariate regression found that sex and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection significantly contribute to baseline immune variation but do not affect vaccine responses except for reduced YF17D-specific CD8⁺ frequencies in CMV-infected males. However, the abundance at baseline of non-specific cytokine-expressing T helper cells in circulation is associated with stronger vaccine responses, a state that smoking favors. Additionally, an elevated baseline level of interferon-stimulated CXCL10 is linked to poorer vaccination outcomes. Altogether, YF17D reactivity is conditioned by the baseline immune status independent of sex and CMV-related variations.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Yf17d ; Adaptive Immunity ; Flavivirus ; Human Immune Variability ; Immunogenicity ; Live Vaccine ; Vaccine Response ; Yellow Fever Vaccine; Immunogenicity; Impact; Safety; Seropositivity; Cd4(+); Virus; Cmv

ISSN (print) / ISBN 2666-3791

e-ISSN 2666-3791

Journal Cell Reports Medicine

Quellenangaben Volume: 6, Issue: 2, Article Number: 101946

Publisher Cell Press

Publishing Place 50 Hampshire St, Floor 5, Cambridge, Ma 02139 Usa

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Unit for Clinical Pharmacology (KKG-EKLiP)
Institute of Translational Genomics (ITG)

Grants DFG
French National Research Agency (ANR)
FlavImmunity, a combined grant of the German Research Foundation (DFG)
Yellow4FLAVI project - European Union
IMed consortium of the German Helmholtz Societies
Einheit fur Klinische Pharmakologie (EKLIP), Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany
Friedrich Baur Foundation (FBS)
Metiphys fellowship of the Medical Faculty of the LMU Munich
FoFoLe Program of the Medical Faculty of the LMU Munich
Doctoral program iTarget 2.0
International doctoral program "iTarget: Immunotargeting of cancer" - Elite Network of Bavaria
European Union