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Kolland, D. ; Kuhlmann, M.* ; de Almeida, G.P.* ; Köhler, A. ; Arifovic, A. ; von Strempel, A.* ; Pourjam, M.* ; Bolsega, S.* ; Wurmser, C.* ; Steiger, K.* ; Basic, M.* ; Neuhaus, K.* ; Schmidt-Weber, C.B. ; Stecher, B.* ; Zehn, D.* ; Ohnmacht, C.

A specific microbial consortium enhances Th1 immunity, improves LCMV viral clearance but aggravates LCMV disease pathology in mice.

Nat. Commun. 16:3902 (2025)

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Anti-viral immunity can vary tremendously from individual to individual but mechanistic understanding is still scarce. Here, we show that a defined, low complex bacterial community (OMM¹²) but not the general absence of microbes in germ-free mice leads to a more potent immune response compared to the microbiome of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) mice after a systemic viral infection with LCMV Clone-13. Consequently, gnotobiotic mice colonized with OMM¹² have more severe LCMV-induced disease pathology but also enhance viral clearance in the intestinal tract. Mechanistically, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of adoptively transferred virus-specific T helper cells and endogenous T helper cells in the intestinal tract reveal a stronger pro-inflammatory Th1 profile and a more vigorous expansion in OMM¹² than SPF mice. Altogether, our work highlights the causative function of the intestinal microbiome for shaping adaptive anti-viral immunity with implications for vaccination strategies and anti-cancer treatment regimens.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Corresponding Author

Keywords Cd4(+) T-cells; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus; Thymus-expressed Chemokine; Transcription Factor; Gut Microbiota; Effector; Persistence; Responses; Memory; Mouse

ISSN (print) / ISBN 2041-1723

e-ISSN 2041-1723

Journal Nature Communications

Quellenangaben Volume: 16, Issue: 1, Article Number: 3902

Publisher Nature Publishing Group

Publishing Place London

Non-patent literature Publications

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute for Allergy Research (IAF)

Grants TUM Animal Research Center (ARC)
European Research Council (ERC Starting grant)
German Research Foundation
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)