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Schweizer, J.R.O.L.* ; Schilbach, K.* ; Haenelt, M.* ; Gagliardo, A.* ; Peters, A. ; Thorand, B. ; Störmann, S.* ; Schopohl, J.* ; Reincke, M.* ; Lauseker, M.* ; Bidlingmaier, M.*

Soluble alpha klotho - impact of biological variables and reference intervals for adults.

Eur. J. Endocrinol. 192, 631-640 (2025)
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OBJECTIVE: Concentrations of soluble alpha klotho (sαKL) are higher in active acromegaly compared to healthy controls. However, reference intervals based on large population-based samples are lacking, and the impact of many biological variables is unclear. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: We measured sαKL concentrations in samples from an adult population (20-89 years, 435 males, 455 females). Associations with sex, age, body mass index, waist-hip-ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), IGF-I and IGFBP 3, glucose-, lipid-, calcium- and liver-metabolism, fasting, and estrogen status were analyzed. Reference intervals were calculated using LMS quantile regression with a Box-Cox transformation to normality. We also analyzed sαKL in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA, n=18) and prolactinoma (n=65). RESULTS: Across all ages, sαKL concentrations (pg/mL, median (IQR)) were slightly, but significantly higher in females compared to males (678 (537-859) vs. 651 (537-812), p=0.01), suggesting an impact of estrogens. SαKL exhibited a weak negative correlation with age, and positive correlations with eGFR and IGF-I (p<0.001 for both). Correlations to other biological factors including glucose, liver and calcium metabolism and duration of fasting were negligible (p>0.05 for all). Compared to sαKL, IGF-I more often was correlated significantly to other biological variables. SαKL was not different in patients with NFPA, but slightly higher in patients with prolactinoma (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest sαKL is a stable GH-sensitive biomarker, that may be less impacted by biological variables compared to IGF-I and IGFBP 3. Our reference intervals will facilitate the potential use of sαKL in GH-related diseases.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Acromegaly ; Biomarker ; Growth Hormone ; Population-based Study; Growth-factor-i; Plasma Klotho; Serum Klotho; Igf-i; Anorexia-nervosa; Hormone; Interference; Disease; Fgf23; Axis
Language english
Publication Year 2025
HGF-reported in Year 2025
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0804-4643
e-ISSN 1479-683X
Journal European Journal of Endocrinology
Quellenangaben Volume: 192, Issue: 5, Pages: 631-640 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher BioScientifica
Publishing Place Great Clarendon St, Oxford Ox2 6dp, England
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
POF-Topic(s) 30202 - Environmental Health
Research field(s) Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP Element(s) G-504000-010
G-504000-002
Grants German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the "Health in old age" program
State of Bavaria
Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen-German Research Center for Environmental Health - German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Partnership for Clean Competition (PCC), Colorado, USA
Merck Healthcare KGA, Darmstadt, Germany
DOI 10.1093/ejendo/lvaf093
WOS ID 001489915400001
Scopus ID 105005540944
PubMed ID 40338072
Erfassungsdatum 2025-05-11
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