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Diet diversity and adherence to a mediterranean diet pattern in pregnancy is protective against the development of early-childhood atopic dermatitis.
Nutrients 17, 2243 - 2243 (2025)
Background/Objectives: The role of maternal diet in atopic dermatitis
(AD) requires better understanding, as AD often manifests early in life
and precedes other allergic diseases. We evaluated the association
between maternal diet and AD up to 2 years of age. Methods: A total of
116 mother–child dyads from the CARE birth cohort study were included.
Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed with a validated
self-administered 97-item food frequency questionnaire, and dietary
scores were calculated. AD was evaluated at ages 4 months, 1 year, and 2
years. The associations between maternal dietary patterns and AD were
examined by logistic regression analysis adjusting for total energy
intake, gender of the child, maternal antibiotic therapy during
pregnancy, and history of atopic disease among both parents. Results: Of
the 116 children, 27 (23.3%) developed AD by 2 years, 11 of whom
(40.7%) had persistent AD within the first 2 years. AD risk was reduced
with a higher Mediterranean diet score during pregnancy (upper median
> 3 points versus lower median: adjusted OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.08–0.69, p
= 0.009) and with greater dietary diversity, as measured by the number
of items consumed (upper median > 53 items versus lower median: OR
0.19, 95% CI 0.06–0.58, p = 0.005). No
association was found with macronutrients and micronutrients. Red meat
consumption showed a positive association with the persistent AD
phenotype (adjusted OR 5.04, 95% CI 1.47 to 31.36, p
= 0.034). Conclusions: Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and a diverse
diet during pregnancy may decrease the risk of developing early
childhood AD. This highlights the synergistic role of nutrients in
dietary patterns as they modulate immune development and disease
susceptibility.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
maternal diet; food frequency questionnaire; atopic dermatitis; food diversity; Mediterranean diet; pregnancy
ISSN (print) / ISBN
2072-6643
e-ISSN
2072-6643
Journal
Nutrients
Quellenangaben
Volume: 17,
Issue: 13,
Pages: 2243 - 2243
Publisher
MDPI
Publishing Place
Basel
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Environmental Medicine (IEM)