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Müller, T.D. ; Sullivan, L.M.* ; Habegger, K.* ; Yi, C.-X.* ; Kabra, D.* ; Grant, E.* ; Ottaway, N.* ; Krishna, R.* ; Holland, J.* ; Hembree, J.* ; Perez-Tilve, D.* ; Pfluger, P.T. ; DeGuzman, M.J.* ; Siladi, M.E.* ; Kraynov, V.S.* ; Axelrod, D.W.* ; DiMarchi, R.* ; Pinkstaff, J.K.* ; Tschöp, M.H.

Restoration of leptin responsiveness in diet-induced obese mice using an optimized leptin analog in combination with exendin-4 or FGF21.

J. Pept. Sci. 18, 383-393 (2012)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
The identification of leptin as a mediator of body weight regulation provided much initial excitement for the treatment of obesity. Unfortunately, leptin monotherapy is insufficient in reversing obesity in rodents or humans. Recent findings suggest that amylin is able to restore leptin sensitivity and when used in combination with leptin enhances body weight loss in obese rodents and humans. However, as the uniqueness of this combination therapy remains unclear, we assessed whether co-administration of leptin with other weight loss-inducing hormones equally restores leptin responsiveness in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Accordingly, we report here the design and characterization of a series of site-specifically enhanced leptin analogs of high potency and sustained action that, when administered in combination with exendin-4 or fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), restores leptin responsiveness in DIO mice after an initial body weight loss of 30%. Using either combination, body weight loss was enhanced compared with either exendin-4 or FGF21 monotherapy, and leptin alone was sufficient to maintain the reduced body weight. In contrast, leptin monotherapy proved ineffective when identical weight loss was induced by caloric restriction alone over a comparable time. Accordingly, we find that a hypothalamic counter-regulatory response to weight loss, assessed using changes in hypothalamic agouti related peptide (AgRP) levels, is triggered by caloric restriction, but blunted by treatment with exendin-4. We conclude that leptin re-sensitization requires pharmacotherapy but does not appear to be restricted to a unique signaling pathway. Our findings provide preclinical evidence that high activity, long-acting leptin analogs are additively efficacious when used in combination with other weight-lowering agents.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords leptin; FGF21; Ex4; DIO; HFD; AgRP; AREA POSTREMA; GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS; METABOLIC-ACTIVITY; GENETIC-CODE; BETA-KLOTHO; BODY-WEIGHT; AMINO-ACIDS; FOOD-INTAKE; RAT-BRAIN; IN-VITRO
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1075-2617
e-ISSN 1099-1387
Journal Journal of Peptide Science
Quellenangaben Volume: 18, Issue: 6, Pages: 383-393 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Wiley
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes and Obesity (IDO)