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Schleicher, E. ; Kabytaev, K.* ; Nauck, M.* ; Müller-Wieland, D.* ; Peter, A. ; Little, R.R.* ; Heinemann, L.*

Call for standardization of C-peptide measurement.

J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.:19322968251362848 (2025)
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BACKGROUND: An impaired β-cell function is a key contributor to the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus that can be estimated by the biomarker C-peptide. Measurement of C-peptide can therefore be used for prediction, diagnosis, and subclassification of diabetes. Furthermore, C-peptide assists in the prediction of therapeutic response and guiding therapeutic decisions. To support diabetes classification, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) have recently introduced serum C-peptide cut-off values in their guidelines: <0.2 nmol/L C-peptide levels suggest the presence of type 1 DM while C-peptide levels >0.6 nmol/L indicate type 2 DM. However, analytical aspects limit the clinical utility of these defined cut-off values since standardization of C-peptide measurements has not been achieved. Results from different assay manufacturers still show significant variability. RESULTS: This discrepancy can have significant consequences, as reliance on C-peptide testing for diabetes classification and therapeutic decisions has steadily increased in recent years. Although there have been growing calls to standardize C-peptide testing and a process for standardization has been established, standardization has unfortunately yet to be implemented in practice. CONCLUSION: It therefore seems appropriate for health care providers to advocate for standardized C-peptide measurements, which is more or less in the hands of the manufacturer of the C-peptide assays, to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient safety.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Keywords C-peptide ; Diabetes Diagnosis ; Insulin Measurement ; Prediabetes; Disease-modifying Therapy; Meal Tolerance-test; Insulin; Trials; Classification; Population; Outcomes; Lessons; System; Risk
Language english
Publication Year 2025
HGF-reported in Year 2025
e-ISSN 1932-2968
Quellenangaben Volume: , Issue: , Pages: , Article Number: 19322968251362848 Supplement: ,
Publisher Sage
Publishing Place 2455 Teller Rd, Thousand Oaks, Ca 91320 Usa
POF-Topic(s) 90000 - German Center for Diabetes Research
Research field(s) Helmholtz Diabetes Center
PSP Element(s) G-502400-001
Scopus ID 105013498950
PubMed ID 40781799
Erfassungsdatum 2025-11-05