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A needed nomenclature for nucleosomes.
Mol. Cell 85, 3554-3561 (2025)
Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial to eukaryotic genome regulation, with a range of reported functions and mechanisms of action. Though often studied individually, it has long been recognized that the modifications function by combinatorial synergy or antagonism. Interplay may involve PTMs on the same histone, within the same nucleosome (containing a histone octamer), or between nucleosomes in higher-order chromatin. Given this, the field must distinguish ever greater complexity, and the context in which it is studied, with brevity and precision. The proteoform was introduced to define individual forms of a protein by sequence and PTMs, followed by the nucleoform to describe the particular gathering of histones within an individual nucleosome. There is now a need to define specific forms of these entities in prose while providing space for experimental nuance. To this end, we introduce a nomenclature that can express discrete PTMs, proteoforms, nucleoforms, or situations where defined PTMs exist in an uncertain context. Though specifically designed for the chromatin field, adaptions of the framework could be used to describe—and thus dissect—how proteoforms are configured in functionally distinct complexes across biology.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Posttranslational Modification; Crystal-structure; Histone H3.3; Proteoform; Chromatin; Reveals
Language
english
Publication Year
2025
HGF-reported in Year
2025
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1097-2765
e-ISSN
1097-4164
Journal
Molecular Cell
Quellenangaben
Volume: 85,
Issue: 19,
Pages: 3554-3561
Publisher
Elsevier
Publishing Place
50 Hampshire St, Floor 5, Cambridge, Ma 02139 Usa
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Functional Epigenetics (IFE)
POF-Topic(s)
30203 - Molecular Targets and Therapies
Research field(s)
Helmholtz Diabetes Center
PSP Element(s)
G-502800-001
WOS ID
001589254400001
Scopus ID
105017234334
PubMed ID
41043390
Erfassungsdatum
2025-10-16