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Grieger, J.A.* ; Takele, W.W.* ; Vesco, K.K.* ; Redman, L.M.* ; Hannah, W.* ; Bonham, M.P.* ; Chen, M.* ; Chivers, S.C.* ; Fawcett, A.J.* ; Habibi, N.* ; Liu, K.* ; Mekonnen, E.G.* ; Pathirana, M.* ; Quinteros, A.* ; Taylor, R.* ; Ukke, G.G.* ; Zhou, S.J.* ; ADA/EASD PMDI (Stefan, N.)

Participant characteristics in the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions to optimize gestational weight gain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Commun. Med. 5:439 (2025)
Publ. Version/Full Text Research data DOI
Open Access Gold
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
BackgroundPrecision prevention involves tailoring interventions to the unique characteristics of a group or individual to maximize their effectiveness. In this study, we examined the role of participant characteristics in the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions to optimize gestational weight gain (GWG).MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, and PubMed, from inception up to March 2025, to identify randomized and non-randomized controlled trials of lifestyle interventions (diet, physical activity, or combined) commencing before or during pregnancy. Participant characteristics, including age, race/ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), employment status, fasting low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were assessed. Mean differences (MD) in GWG were pooled using the random-effect model. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were conducted by participant characteristics (e.g., BMI).ResultsA total of 86 studies with 28,270 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. All lifestyle intervention types significantly reduced GWG. Combined lifestyle interventions initiated at first (MD -0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.28, -0.07) and early second (13-17 weeks) trimester (MD -0.83; 95% CI: -1.46, -0.20) provide better effectiveness in optimizing GWG. Diet-only interventions significantly reduced GWG only in participants with normal BMI (MD -1.33 kg; CI: -1.75, -1.91) compared to the other BMI categories. Combined diet and physical activity interventions reduce excessive GWG in women with higher baseline HDL-C (beta -0.04; 95% CI -0.06, -0.01).ConclusionsLifestyle interventions reduced excessive GWG, with possible differential effects by intervention initiation time, BMI, and HDL-C. Future studies should consider physiological as well as social characteristics, in line with a holistic framework for precision medicine.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Precision Medicine; Association; Adherence; Outcomes; Determinants; Individuals; Predictors; Pregnancy; Risk
ISSN (print) / ISBN 2730-664X
e-ISSN 2730-664X
Journal Communications Medicine
Quellenangaben Volume: 5, Issue: 1, Pages: , Article Number: 439 Supplement: ,
Publisher Springer
Publishing Place Campus, 4 Crinan St, London, N1 9xw, England
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM)
Grants Monash International Tuition Scholarship
Monash Graduate Scholarship
Australian Government Research Training Program scholarship
NHMRC Ideas Grant
Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Fellowship
Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Ideas Grant
Novo Nordisk Foundation (Hellerup, Denmark)