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Tian, K.* ; Labeur-Iurman, L.* ; Walker, S.A.* ; Zope, D.* ; von Mutius, E. ; Harker, J.A.* ; Lloyd, C.M.* ; Saglani, S.*

Inhaled Acinetobacter lwoffii exposure promotes lung PD-L1+ neutrophils and dampens viral-induced type 2 immunity.

Mucosal Immunol., DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.02.007 (2026)
DOI PMC
Wheeze is a common childhood respiratory symptom triggered byseasonal viral infections. Approximately 30–50% of children are diag-nosed with at least one wheezing episode in the first three years of life.1Wheezing disorders resolve in most children, but approximately 30% ofchildren under 5 years continue to have recurrent wheezing episodestriggered by viral infections and an increased risk of developing asthmain childhood.2,3Accumulating evidence from numerous epidemiological studies hasshown the protective effect of the farming environment in reducing therisk of childhood allergies and asthma4,5. Exposure to farmyard mi-crobes has been identified as being important in mediating this protec-tive effect.6,7 Experimental studies have demonstrated intranasaladministration of inactivated cowshed-derived bacteria strains, Lacto-coccus lactis, Acinetobacter lwoffii (A.lwoffii)8 or Staphyloccus sciuri9 canprotect from allergen-induced airway inflammation in adult mice. Wehave shown protection from house dust mite (HDM)-induced airwaysdisease in early life following inhaled, lyophilised A.lwoffii in neonatalmice.10 Epidemiological studies suggest farm environments also protectfrom wheezing independent of allergen sensitisation11, while childrenwith the risk allele in the 17q21 locus, common to both viral wheeze andasthma, are protected if they are brought up on farms.12 We hypoth-esised that exposure to inhaled farmyard microbes would protect againstviral-induced pulmonary pathology that is associated with wheezing.Using a previously established neonatal murine model of recurrent RSVinfection,13 we investigated the effect of inhaled, lyophilised A.lwoffiiexposure on viral-induced immune responses and the molecular mech-anisms mediating immune protection.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1933-0219
e-ISSN 1933-0219
Journal Mucosal Immunology
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place UNITED STATES
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Asthma and Allergy Prevention (IAP)