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Weight loss with GLP-1 medicines does not result in a disproportionate loss of muscle mass or function in obese mice and humans.
Cell Rep. Med. 7:102665 (2026)
The large decrease in body weight with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) medicines raises concern about a loss of lean body mass (LBM) and skeletal muscle. In this work, we present four pre-clinical studies and a proof-of-concept clinical trial that address this issue. We report that in obese mice, GLP-1 medicines predominantly reduce body fat alongside a small but significant decrease in LBM. Among lean tissues, loss of liver mass exceeds change in muscle mass. While absolute muscle mass and strength decrease, relative muscle mass and strength improve, resulting in better running performance. Interestingly, while atrophy is similar during immobilization, GLP-1 medicines have a distinct effect on the muscle proteome compared to calorie restriction. Patients with obesity on GLP-1 medicines improve their body composition without negatively affecting strength. Overall, in middle-aged mice and men, GLP-1 medicines slightly decrease absolute muscle values but positively impact body composition and mobility. The clinical trial is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05606471).
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Glp-1 ; Atrophy ; Function ; Incretins ; Muscle Loss ; Muscle Mass ; Obesity ; Wasting ; Weight Loss; Protein-synthesis; Semaglutide; Atrophy; Efficiency; Quality
ISSN (print) / ISBN
2666-3791
e-ISSN
2666-3791
Journal
Cell Reports Medicine
Quellenangaben
Volume: 7,
Issue: 3,
Article Number: 102665
Publisher
Elsevier
Publishing Place
50 Hampshire St, Floor 5, Cambridge, Ma 02139 Usa
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Diabetes and Obesity (IDO)