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Xie, W.* ; Wyckaert, L.* ; Vadi, M.* ; Verstraeten, B.* ; Divert, T.* ; Haerinck, J.* ; De Rycke, R.* ; Baeke, F.* ; Lamkanfi, M.* ; Berx, G.* ; Wahida, A. ; Vandenabeele, P.*

Caspase-3/7 deficiency results in enhanced intestinal inflammation and reduced tumorigenesis.

Sci. Adv. 12:eadz5906 (2026)

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Aberrant intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death is common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and related animal models. While various cell death pathways contribute to disease, the dominant modalities and their regulatory mechanisms in intestinal inflammation remain ill defined. Using the DSS colitis model, we examined the contribution of apoptosis (Casp3/7^ΔIEC), necroptosis (Mlkl^ΔIEC), pyroptosis (Gsdme^ΔIEC, Gsdmd^-/-), and ferroptosis (Gpx4^iΔIEC) in IECs. Mice lacking caspase-3/7 in IECs showed worsened colitis, higher mortality, and impaired regeneration, not seen in the other transgenic mice. Caspase-3/7 deficiency in IECs hindered stem cell proliferation and increased inflammatory cell death, disrupting barrier integrity and delaying recovery. Despite heightened inflammation, Casp3/7^ΔIEC mice had reduced tumor formation in the AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer model. These findings highlight a protective role for caspase-3/7 in controlling inflammation and tissue regeneration, while promoting tumorigenesis following intestinal injury, and suggest modulation of caspase-3/7 as a promising therapeutic strategy in IBD and colorectal cancer.

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Publication type Article: Journal article

Document type Scientific Article

Keywords Gasdermin D; Colorectal-cancer; Cell-death; Apoptosis; Necroptosis; Ferroptosis; Instability; Activation; Pyroptosis; Resolution

ISSN (print) / ISBN 2375-2548

e-ISSN 2375-2548

Journal Science Advances

Quellenangaben Volume: 12, Issue: 12, Article Number: eadz5906

Publisher American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Publishing Place Washington, DC [u.a.]

Reviewing status Peer reviewed

Institute(s) Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death (MCD)

Grants Ghent University
Excellence of Science research consortium
UGent Special Research Fund Methusalem
Interuniversity BOF projects
Foundation against Cancer
Research Foundation-Flanders