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Dizdarević, S.* ; Timofeev, O.* ; Kazdal, D.* ; Pullamsetti, S.S.* ; Sotillo, R.* ; Loges, S.* ; Kobold, S. ; Stenzinger, A.* ; Stiewe, T.* ; Savai, R.*

Tumor microenvironment evaluation in lung cancer: Spatio-temporal dynamics and clinical implications.

Semin. Cancer Biol. 123-124, 1-26 (2026)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a disease known for its aggressiveness and significant global impact, has substantially improved in recent decades. A notable shift from cytotoxic chemotherapy to more personalized approaches, such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies, has led to improved outcomes for some patients. However, the emergence of resistance remains a major challenge in clinical practice, highlighting the inherent adaptability of cancer cells. This adaptability extends beyond genetic and epigenetic changes within malignant cells, as the bidirectional crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment (TME) also plays a crucial role. This complex ecosystem, consisting of various cellular components (e.g., fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immune cells), extracellular matrix elements, and soluble factors, significantly influences tumor progression, metastasis, and treatment response. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of how the TME evolves under the selective pressures of different therapies is essential for developing more durable and effective treatment strategies for NSCLC.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Keywords Tumor Microenvironment ; Lung ; Dynamics (music) ; Tumor Cells ; Tumor Heterogeneity; Regulatory T-cells; Intratumor Heterogeneity; Circulating Fibrocytes; Mesenchymal Transition; Genetic-heterogeneity; Antitumor Immunity; Pd-l1 Expression; Clonal Evolution; Adenocarcinoma; Fibroblasts
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1044-579X
e-ISSN 1096-3650
Journal Seminars in Cancer Biology
Quellenangaben Volume: 123-124, Issue: , Pages: 1-26 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place Philadelphia, Pa.
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Unit for Clinical Pharmacology (KKG-EKLiP)
Grants European Research Council (ERC)
German Cancer Aid
Wilhelm-Sander-Stiftung
Ernst Jung Stiftung
Go-Bio-Initiative Bundesministerium fuuml
r Bildung und Forschung
European Research Council
Fritz-Bender Foundation
Deutsche Jose Carreras Leukauml
mie Stiftung, Hector Foundation
Bavarian Research Foundation
Monika-Kutzner Foundation
Dr. Rurainski-Foundation
Horizon Programme of the EU