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6 weeks of fartlek-sytle endurance training does not alter physiological responses to mild cold exposure but attenuates the cold-induced plasma noradrenaline response: A randomized, matched control trial.
J. Clin. Transl. Endocrinol. 46:100455 (2026)
Background and aims Rodent studies suggest that endurance training may promote the browning of white adipose tissue and enhances adipose tissue thermogenesis during cold exposure. However, it remains unclear whether endurance training leads to similar adaptations in humans. The aim of this study was therefore to find out whether six weeks of intensive, fartlek-style cycle endurance training alters responses to cold exposure, specifically cold-induced changes of oxygen uptake, plasma noradrenaline concentrations and the effect of conditioned serum on markers of adipocyte browning in culture. Methods and results Twenty-four healthy, untrained participants completed a six-week fartlek-style cycling intervention (3 sessions/week) or control period. We estimated cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis before and after the intervention by indirect calorimetry during 60 min of mild cold exposure at 18 °C. Endurance training increased on average the V˙O₂max by 5 ml/kg/min (95% CI 1 to 8; p = 0.010), maximal power output by 19 W (95% CI 5 to 33; p = 0.011), and power at the 4 mmol/l lactate threshold by 30 W (95% CI 18 to 43; p ' 0.001). However, training did not alter cold-induced oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, energy expenditure, supraclavicular skin temperature, or mean skin temperature compared with controls. In an exploratory analysis, the cold-induced increase in plasma noradrenaline was attenuated after endurance training (−176 pg/ml, 95% CI -337 to −14; p = 0.035), whereas the exercise-induced noradrenaline response not altered significantly. Cold- or exercise-conditioned serum did not alter UCP1 mRNA expression in human beige adipocytes. Conclusion Six weeks of fartlek-style endurance training increased cardiorespiratory and metabolic fitness but had little effect on the response to cold exposure with no evidence for adipose tissue browning based on the conducted serum incubation experiment.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Endurance Training ; Time Trial ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Vo2 Max
ISSN (print) / ISBN
2214-6237
e-ISSN
2214-6237
Quellenangaben
Volume: 46,
Article Number: 100455
Publisher
Elsevier
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed