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Laurie, J.D.* ; Ali, S.* ; Linning, R.* ; Mannhaupt, G. ; Wong, P. ; Güldener, U. ; Münsterkötter, M. ; Moore, R.* ; Kahmann, R.* ; Bakkeren, G.* ; Schirawski, J.*

Genome comparison of barley and maize smut fungi reveals targeted loss of RNA silencing components and species-specific presence of transposable elements.

Plant Cell 24, 1733-1745 (2012)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Ustilago hordei is a biotrophic parasite of barley (Hordeum vulgare). After seedling infection, the fungus persists in the plant until head emergence when fungal spores develop and are released from sori formed at kernel positions. The 26.1-Mb U. hordei genome contains 7113 protein encoding genes with high synteny to the smaller genomes of the related, maize-infecting smut fungi Ustilago maydis and Sporisorium reilianum but has a larger repeat content that affected genome evolution at important loci, including mating-type and effector loci. The U. hordei genome encodes components involved in RNA interference and heterochromatin formation, normally involved in genome defense, that are lacking in the U. maydis genome due to clean excision events. These excision events were possibly a result of former presence of repetitive DNA and of an efficient homologous recombination system in U. maydis. We found evidence of repeat-induced point mutations in the genome of U. hordei, indicating that smut fungi use different strategies to counteract the deleterious effects of repetitive DNA. The complement of U. hordei effector genes is comparable to the other two smuts but reveals differences in family expansion and clustering. The availability of the genome sequence will facilitate the identification of genes responsible for virulence and evolution of smut fungi on their respective hosts.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Induced Point Mutation; Pathogen Ustilago-Hordei; Mating-Type Loci; Cryptococcus-Neoformans; Obligate Biotrophy; DNA Methylation; Covered Smut; Cell-Cycle; Maydis; Gene
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1040-4651
e-ISSN 1532-298X
Journal The Plant cell
Quellenangaben Volume: 24, Issue: 5, Pages: 1733-1745 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher American Society of Plant Biologists (ASPB)
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (IBIS)